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MAX: a simple, affordable, and rapid tissue clearing reagent for 3D imaging of wide variety of biological specimens
Transparency of biological specimens is crucial to obtaining detailed 3-dimensional images and understanding the structure and function of biological specimens. This transparency or tissue clearing can be achieved by adjusting the refractive index (RI) with embedding media and removing light barrier...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9663452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36376344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23376-6 |
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author | Lee, Boram Lee, Ju-Hyun Kim, Dai Hyun Kim, Eun Sil Seo, Bo Kyoung Rhyu, Im Joo Sun, Woong |
author_facet | Lee, Boram Lee, Ju-Hyun Kim, Dai Hyun Kim, Eun Sil Seo, Bo Kyoung Rhyu, Im Joo Sun, Woong |
author_sort | Lee, Boram |
collection | PubMed |
description | Transparency of biological specimens is crucial to obtaining detailed 3-dimensional images and understanding the structure and function of biological specimens. This transparency or tissue clearing can be achieved by adjusting the refractive index (RI) with embedding media and removing light barriers such as lipids, inorganic deposits, and pigments. Many currently available protocols consist of multiple steps to achieve sufficient transparency, making the process complex and time-consuming. Thus, in this study, we tailored the recipe for RI adjustment media named MAX based on the recently reported MACS protocol to achieve a single-step procedure, especially for ECM-rich tissues. This was achieved by the improvement of the tissue penetrability of the RI-matching reagent by combining MXDA with sucrose or iodixanol. While this was sufficient for the 3D imaging in many applications, MAX can also be combined with modular processes for de-lipidation, de-coloration, and de-calcification to further maximize the transparency depending on the special features of the tissues. Our approach provides an easy alternative for tissue clearing and 3D imaging. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9663452 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96634522022-11-15 MAX: a simple, affordable, and rapid tissue clearing reagent for 3D imaging of wide variety of biological specimens Lee, Boram Lee, Ju-Hyun Kim, Dai Hyun Kim, Eun Sil Seo, Bo Kyoung Rhyu, Im Joo Sun, Woong Sci Rep Article Transparency of biological specimens is crucial to obtaining detailed 3-dimensional images and understanding the structure and function of biological specimens. This transparency or tissue clearing can be achieved by adjusting the refractive index (RI) with embedding media and removing light barriers such as lipids, inorganic deposits, and pigments. Many currently available protocols consist of multiple steps to achieve sufficient transparency, making the process complex and time-consuming. Thus, in this study, we tailored the recipe for RI adjustment media named MAX based on the recently reported MACS protocol to achieve a single-step procedure, especially for ECM-rich tissues. This was achieved by the improvement of the tissue penetrability of the RI-matching reagent by combining MXDA with sucrose or iodixanol. While this was sufficient for the 3D imaging in many applications, MAX can also be combined with modular processes for de-lipidation, de-coloration, and de-calcification to further maximize the transparency depending on the special features of the tissues. Our approach provides an easy alternative for tissue clearing and 3D imaging. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-11-14 /pmc/articles/PMC9663452/ /pubmed/36376344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23376-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Lee, Boram Lee, Ju-Hyun Kim, Dai Hyun Kim, Eun Sil Seo, Bo Kyoung Rhyu, Im Joo Sun, Woong MAX: a simple, affordable, and rapid tissue clearing reagent for 3D imaging of wide variety of biological specimens |
title | MAX: a simple, affordable, and rapid tissue clearing reagent for 3D imaging of wide variety of biological specimens |
title_full | MAX: a simple, affordable, and rapid tissue clearing reagent for 3D imaging of wide variety of biological specimens |
title_fullStr | MAX: a simple, affordable, and rapid tissue clearing reagent for 3D imaging of wide variety of biological specimens |
title_full_unstemmed | MAX: a simple, affordable, and rapid tissue clearing reagent for 3D imaging of wide variety of biological specimens |
title_short | MAX: a simple, affordable, and rapid tissue clearing reagent for 3D imaging of wide variety of biological specimens |
title_sort | max: a simple, affordable, and rapid tissue clearing reagent for 3d imaging of wide variety of biological specimens |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9663452/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36376344 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-23376-6 |
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