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Transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the Midwestern United States
Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) is among the most rapidly growing and expanding subfields in plastic surgery due to increased awareness, decreased stigma, rising demand, and improved access for transgender and gender non-conforming individuals (TGNC). In order to address potential barriers and facili...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9666111/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36397321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000031319 |
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author | Smith, Jesse R. Pakvasa, Mikhail Oostrom, Leonie A. Gottlieb, Lawrence J. Motley, Darnell N. Hill, Brandon J. |
author_facet | Smith, Jesse R. Pakvasa, Mikhail Oostrom, Leonie A. Gottlieb, Lawrence J. Motley, Darnell N. Hill, Brandon J. |
author_sort | Smith, Jesse R. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) is among the most rapidly growing and expanding subfields in plastic surgery due to increased awareness, decreased stigma, rising demand, and improved access for transgender and gender non-conforming individuals (TGNC). In order to address potential barriers and facilitators in GAS education and training, there is a need to explore the experiences of TGNC individuals. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore the factors that influence TGNC patient experiences in surgical consultation for GAS. Targeted recruitment was used to recruit and enroll participants who identified as TGNC and who had undergone consultation with a surgeon to discuss GAS. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore patient experiences with GAS. Recorded audio from these interviews was later transcribed verbatim. Open coding of these transcripts was then performed independently by 3 individual members of the research team using the consensual qualitative coding methods. Fifteen interviews were conducted (transmale, n = 7; transfemale, n = 4; gender non-conforming/non-binary, n = 4). Participants frequently expressed worry and frustration over insurance coverage and exorbitant out-of-pocket expense, whether actual or perceived. Logistical barriers were the most frequently cited category of barriers. The majority of participants made at least 1 reference to relying on others during the process of insurance pre-authorization. The majority of participants described their interactions with surgeons as positive, indicating that they felt comfortable during consultation and that their surgeons ensured their understanding. Our findings provide important insight into this often stressful and challenging process. Ensuring a welcoming, safe, and gender-affirming environment and experience for these individuals is essential. These findings may help to guide future education for medical students, trainees, clinic staff, and surgeons, as well as to direct changes necessary to improve the patient experience in clinics and hospitals for TGNC individuals undergoing consultation for GAS. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9666111 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96661112022-11-16 Transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the Midwestern United States Smith, Jesse R. Pakvasa, Mikhail Oostrom, Leonie A. Gottlieb, Lawrence J. Motley, Darnell N. Hill, Brandon J. Medicine (Baltimore) 7100 Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) is among the most rapidly growing and expanding subfields in plastic surgery due to increased awareness, decreased stigma, rising demand, and improved access for transgender and gender non-conforming individuals (TGNC). In order to address potential barriers and facilitators in GAS education and training, there is a need to explore the experiences of TGNC individuals. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore the factors that influence TGNC patient experiences in surgical consultation for GAS. Targeted recruitment was used to recruit and enroll participants who identified as TGNC and who had undergone consultation with a surgeon to discuss GAS. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore patient experiences with GAS. Recorded audio from these interviews was later transcribed verbatim. Open coding of these transcripts was then performed independently by 3 individual members of the research team using the consensual qualitative coding methods. Fifteen interviews were conducted (transmale, n = 7; transfemale, n = 4; gender non-conforming/non-binary, n = 4). Participants frequently expressed worry and frustration over insurance coverage and exorbitant out-of-pocket expense, whether actual or perceived. Logistical barriers were the most frequently cited category of barriers. The majority of participants made at least 1 reference to relying on others during the process of insurance pre-authorization. The majority of participants described their interactions with surgeons as positive, indicating that they felt comfortable during consultation and that their surgeons ensured their understanding. Our findings provide important insight into this often stressful and challenging process. Ensuring a welcoming, safe, and gender-affirming environment and experience for these individuals is essential. These findings may help to guide future education for medical students, trainees, clinic staff, and surgeons, as well as to direct changes necessary to improve the patient experience in clinics and hospitals for TGNC individuals undergoing consultation for GAS. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2022-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9666111/ /pubmed/36397321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000031319 Text en Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. |
spellingShingle | 7100 Smith, Jesse R. Pakvasa, Mikhail Oostrom, Leonie A. Gottlieb, Lawrence J. Motley, Darnell N. Hill, Brandon J. Transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the Midwestern United States |
title | Transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the Midwestern United States |
title_full | Transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the Midwestern United States |
title_fullStr | Transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the Midwestern United States |
title_full_unstemmed | Transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the Midwestern United States |
title_short | Transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the Midwestern United States |
title_sort | transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the midwestern united states |
topic | 7100 |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9666111/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36397321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000031319 |
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