Effects of methotrexate and etanercept treatment in moderate and severe psoriasis

Psoriasis is a disease of immunological origin that damages the skin and mucous membranes. Biological therapies with systemic medications are effective in treating moderate and severe psoriasis. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of methotrexate and etanercept treatment in this disease and to verify their response to the Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) index in the initial and control phase. The number of patients treated at the Military Hospital in Guayaquil was 2.620 corresponding from July 2020 to July 2021; the selected sample according to the inclusion criteria was 94 patients with moderate and severe psoriasis. The method was retrospective, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational differential analytical, and approved by the Human Subjects Ethics Committee of the Specialties Hospital “Dr Teodoro Maldonado Carbo” of Guayaquil, Ecuador. In this study, the prevalence was 3.58%, and the body mass index was 28.13 corresponding to overweight and obesity. The PASI index in the initial stage before treatment was 10.8% and in the control phase, it decreased to 2.99%, showing a decrease in lesions and good improvement in the treatment of moderate and severe psoriasis. Student´s T, the combination of etanercept with methotrexate was compared with the response with the PASI index in the initial and control phases, presenting a value lower than 0.001, P = .05, which was very significant. In our study, treatment with etanercept and methotrexate in moderate and severe psoriasis had is a favorable response in reducing this disease. It is expected that, in Ecuador, the health authorities would implement the biologics for the treatment of moderate and several psoriasis and including them in the basic list of medicines of the Public Health Ministry.