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Ultra-early weaning alters growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota in piglets with same genetic background

Piglets with the same genetic background were used to investigate the effects of different lengths of suckling period on growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota. All piglets were born by a sow (Landrace×Yorkshire). On day 14 postpartum, a total of 16 piglets [Duroc×(Landrace×...

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Autores principales: Dang, De Xin, Li, Cheng Ji, Li, Shi Han, Fan, Xin Yan, Xu, Weiguo, Cui, Yan, Li, Desheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9666885/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36406459
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.990905
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author Dang, De Xin
Li, Cheng Ji
Li, Shi Han
Fan, Xin Yan
Xu, Weiguo
Cui, Yan
Li, Desheng
author_facet Dang, De Xin
Li, Cheng Ji
Li, Shi Han
Fan, Xin Yan
Xu, Weiguo
Cui, Yan
Li, Desheng
author_sort Dang, De Xin
collection PubMed
description Piglets with the same genetic background were used to investigate the effects of different lengths of suckling period on growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota. All piglets were born by a sow (Landrace×Yorkshire). On day 14 postpartum, a total of 16 piglets [Duroc×(Landrace×Yorkshire)] with a similar initial body weight (2.48 ± 0.25 kg) were randomly assigned into two groups with four replicates per group, two pigs per replicate pen (one barrow and one gilt). On day 14 of age, experiment started, piglets from the first group were weaned (14W), whereas the others continued to receive milk until day 28 of age (28W). The experiment completed on day 70 of age, last 56 days. Growth performance parameters including body weight, average daily gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and growth rate and hematology parameters including immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), albumin, globulin, and total protein were measured in this study. Additionally, a technique of 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze fecal microbiota for revealing how the changes in the lengths of suckling period on intestinal microbiota. We found that ultra-early weaning impaired growth performance of piglets, whose worse body weight, average daily gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and growth rate were observed in 14W group at all measured timepoints in comparison with those in 28W group (P < 0.05). Moreover, higher contents of serum IgA (P = 0.028), IgG (P = 0.041), and IgM (P = 0.047), as well as lower contents of serum albumin (P = 0.002), albumin-to-globulin ratio (P = 0.003), and total protein (P = 0.004), were observed in 14W group in comparison with those in 28W group on day 28 of age, but not on day 70 of age. High-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA indicated that the intestinal microbiota richness in 14W group was lower than that in 28W group (P < 0.05); moreover, in comparison with 28W group at all sampling timepoints, fecal microbiota in 14W group showed more beneficial bacteria and fewer pathogenic bacteria (P < 0.05). Therefore, we considered that ultra-early weaning had positive effects on immune status and fecal microbiota composition in piglets, but negative effects on growth performance and fecal microbiota abundance.
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spelling pubmed-96668852022-11-17 Ultra-early weaning alters growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota in piglets with same genetic background Dang, De Xin Li, Cheng Ji Li, Shi Han Fan, Xin Yan Xu, Weiguo Cui, Yan Li, Desheng Front Microbiol Microbiology Piglets with the same genetic background were used to investigate the effects of different lengths of suckling period on growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota. All piglets were born by a sow (Landrace×Yorkshire). On day 14 postpartum, a total of 16 piglets [Duroc×(Landrace×Yorkshire)] with a similar initial body weight (2.48 ± 0.25 kg) were randomly assigned into two groups with four replicates per group, two pigs per replicate pen (one barrow and one gilt). On day 14 of age, experiment started, piglets from the first group were weaned (14W), whereas the others continued to receive milk until day 28 of age (28W). The experiment completed on day 70 of age, last 56 days. Growth performance parameters including body weight, average daily gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and growth rate and hematology parameters including immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), albumin, globulin, and total protein were measured in this study. Additionally, a technique of 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to analyze fecal microbiota for revealing how the changes in the lengths of suckling period on intestinal microbiota. We found that ultra-early weaning impaired growth performance of piglets, whose worse body weight, average daily gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and growth rate were observed in 14W group at all measured timepoints in comparison with those in 28W group (P < 0.05). Moreover, higher contents of serum IgA (P = 0.028), IgG (P = 0.041), and IgM (P = 0.047), as well as lower contents of serum albumin (P = 0.002), albumin-to-globulin ratio (P = 0.003), and total protein (P = 0.004), were observed in 14W group in comparison with those in 28W group on day 28 of age, but not on day 70 of age. High-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA indicated that the intestinal microbiota richness in 14W group was lower than that in 28W group (P < 0.05); moreover, in comparison with 28W group at all sampling timepoints, fecal microbiota in 14W group showed more beneficial bacteria and fewer pathogenic bacteria (P < 0.05). Therefore, we considered that ultra-early weaning had positive effects on immune status and fecal microbiota composition in piglets, but negative effects on growth performance and fecal microbiota abundance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC9666885/ /pubmed/36406459 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.990905 Text en Copyright © 2022 Dang, Li, Li, Fan, Xu, Cui and Li. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Dang, De Xin
Li, Cheng Ji
Li, Shi Han
Fan, Xin Yan
Xu, Weiguo
Cui, Yan
Li, Desheng
Ultra-early weaning alters growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota in piglets with same genetic background
title Ultra-early weaning alters growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota in piglets with same genetic background
title_full Ultra-early weaning alters growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota in piglets with same genetic background
title_fullStr Ultra-early weaning alters growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota in piglets with same genetic background
title_full_unstemmed Ultra-early weaning alters growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota in piglets with same genetic background
title_short Ultra-early weaning alters growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota in piglets with same genetic background
title_sort ultra-early weaning alters growth performance, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota in piglets with same genetic background
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9666885/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36406459
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.990905
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