A global dynamic runoff application and dataset based on the assimilation of GPM, SMAP, and GCN250 curve number datasets

Runoff modelling is a crucial element in hydrologic sciences. However, a global runoff database is not currently available at a resolution higher than 0.1°. We use the recently developed Global Curve Number dataset (GCN250) to develop a dynamic runoff application (2015 – present) and that can be accessed via a Google Earth Engine application. We also provide a global mean monthly runoff dataset for April 2015-2021 in GeoTIFF format at a 250-meter resolution. We utilize soil moisture and GPM rainfall to dynamically retrieve the appropriate curve number and generate the corresponding runoff anywhere on Earth. Mean annual global runoff ratio results for 2021 were comparable to the runoff ratio from the Global Land Data Assimilation System (0.079 vs. 0.077, respectively). Mean annual global runoff from GCN and GLDAS were within 11% each other for 2020–2021 (0.18 vs. 0.16 mm/day, respectively). The GCN250 runoff application and the dataset are useful for many water applications such hydrologic design, land management, water resources management, and flood risk assessment.