Regio-Specific N-Glycome and N-Glycoproteome Map of the Elderly Human Brain With and Without Alzheimer’s Disease

The proteins in the cell membrane of the brain are modified by glycans in highly interactive regions. The glycans and glycoproteins are involved in cell–cell interactions that are of fundamental importance to the brain. In this study, the comprehensive N-glycome and N-glycoproteome of the brain were determined in 11 functional brain regions, some of them known to be affected with the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. N-glycans throughout the regions were generally highly branched and highly sialofucosylated. Regional variations were also found with regard to the glycan types including high mannose and complex-type structures. Glycoproteomic analysis identified the proteins that differed in glycosylation in the various regions. To obtain the broader representation of glycan compositions, four subjects with two in their 70s and two in their 90s representing two Alzheimer's disease subjects, one hippocampal sclerosis subject, and one subject with no cognitive impairment were analyzed. The four subjects were all glycomically mapped across 11 brain regions. Marked differences in the glycomic and glycoproteomic profiles were observed between the samples.