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Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection

While waning immunity and SARS-CoV-2 variant immune escape continue to result in high infection rates worldwide, associations between longitudinal quantitative, qualitative, and functional humoral immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection remain unclear. In this study, we found significant waning...

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Autores principales: Monroe, Jonathon M., Haralambieva, Iana H., Warner, Nathaniel D., Grill, Diane E., Quach, Huy Quang, Kennedy, Richard B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9675084/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36439767
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11676
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author Monroe, Jonathon M.
Haralambieva, Iana H.
Warner, Nathaniel D.
Grill, Diane E.
Quach, Huy Quang
Kennedy, Richard B.
author_facet Monroe, Jonathon M.
Haralambieva, Iana H.
Warner, Nathaniel D.
Grill, Diane E.
Quach, Huy Quang
Kennedy, Richard B.
author_sort Monroe, Jonathon M.
collection PubMed
description While waning immunity and SARS-CoV-2 variant immune escape continue to result in high infection rates worldwide, associations between longitudinal quantitative, qualitative, and functional humoral immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection remain unclear. In this study, we found significant waning of antibody against Spike S1 (R = −0.32, p = 0.035) and N protein (R = −0.39, p = 0.008), while RBD antibody moderately decreased (R = −0.19, p = 0.203). Likewise, neutralizing antibody titer (ND(50)) waned over time (R = −0.46, p = 0.001). In contrast, antibody avidity increased significantly over time for Spike S1 (R = 0.62, p = 6.0e−06), RBD (R = 0.54, p = 2.0e−04), and N (R = 0.33, p = 0.025) antibodies. Across all humoral responses, ND(50) strongly associated with Spike S1 (R = 0.85, p = 2.7e−13) and RBD (R = 0.78, p = 2.9e−10) antibodies. Our findings provide longitudinal insight into humoral immune responses after infection and imply the potential of Spike S1/RBD antibody titer as surrogate correlates of protection.
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spelling pubmed-96750842022-11-21 Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection Monroe, Jonathon M. Haralambieva, Iana H. Warner, Nathaniel D. Grill, Diane E. Quach, Huy Quang Kennedy, Richard B. Heliyon Research Article While waning immunity and SARS-CoV-2 variant immune escape continue to result in high infection rates worldwide, associations between longitudinal quantitative, qualitative, and functional humoral immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection remain unclear. In this study, we found significant waning of antibody against Spike S1 (R = −0.32, p = 0.035) and N protein (R = −0.39, p = 0.008), while RBD antibody moderately decreased (R = −0.19, p = 0.203). Likewise, neutralizing antibody titer (ND(50)) waned over time (R = −0.46, p = 0.001). In contrast, antibody avidity increased significantly over time for Spike S1 (R = 0.62, p = 6.0e−06), RBD (R = 0.54, p = 2.0e−04), and N (R = 0.33, p = 0.025) antibodies. Across all humoral responses, ND(50) strongly associated with Spike S1 (R = 0.85, p = 2.7e−13) and RBD (R = 0.78, p = 2.9e−10) antibodies. Our findings provide longitudinal insight into humoral immune responses after infection and imply the potential of Spike S1/RBD antibody titer as surrogate correlates of protection. Elsevier 2022-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9675084/ /pubmed/36439767 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11676 Text en © 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Article
Monroe, Jonathon M.
Haralambieva, Iana H.
Warner, Nathaniel D.
Grill, Diane E.
Quach, Huy Quang
Kennedy, Richard B.
Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection
title Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_full Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_fullStr Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_full_unstemmed Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_short Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_sort longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after sars-cov-2 infection
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9675084/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36439767
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11676
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