An Overview of Microparticulate Drug Delivery System and its Extensive Therapeutic Applications in Diabetes

Microparticulate drug delivery system (MDDS) has attained much consideration in the modern era due to its effectiveness in overcoming traditional treatment problems. Microparticles (MPs) are spherical particles of a diameter ranging from 10 μm to 1000 μm. MPs can encapsulate both water-soluble and insoluble compounds. MDDS proved their efficacy in improving drugs bioavailability, stability, targeting, and controlling their release patterns. MPs also offer comfort, easy administration, and improvement in patient compliance by reducing drugs toxicity and dosage frequency. This review elucidates the fabrication techniques, drug release, and therapeutic application of MDDS. Further details concerning the therapeutic applications of antidiabetic drugs-loaded MPs were also reviewed, including controlling drugs release by gastroretention, improving drugs dissolution, reducing side effects, localizing drugs to the site of disease, improving insulin stability, natural products loaded with MPs, sustained drug release, mucosal delivery, and administration routes. Additionally, the current situation and future prospects in developing MPs loaded with antidiabetic drugs were discussed.