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The effects of vaccination on the disease severity and factors for viral clearance and hospitalization in Omicron-infected patients: A retrospective observational cohort study from recent regional outbreaks in China

OBJECT: This study attempted to explore the effects of vaccination on disease severity and the factors for viral clearance and hospitalization in omicron-infected patients. METHODS: The clinical manifestations of 3,265 Omicron-infected patients (BA.2 lineage variant; the Omicron group) were compared...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Li, Hongru, Zhu, Xiongpeng, Yu, Rongguo, Qian, Xin, Huang, Yu, Chen, Xiaoping, Lin, Haibin, Zheng, Huiming, Zhang, Yi, Lin, Jiarong, Deng, Yanqin, Zhong, Wen, Ji, Yuejiao, Li, Qing, Fang, Jiabin, Yang, Xiaojie, Lin, Rong, Chen, Fangsu, Su, Zhijun, Xie, Baosong, Li, Hong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9677104/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36420118
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.988694
Descripción
Sumario:OBJECT: This study attempted to explore the effects of vaccination on disease severity and the factors for viral clearance and hospitalization in omicron-infected patients. METHODS: The clinical manifestations of 3,265 Omicron-infected patients (BA.2 lineage variant; the Omicron group) were compared with those of 226 Delta-infected patients (the Delta group). A Multi-class logistic regression model was employed to analyze the impacts of vaccination doses and intervals on disease severity; a logistic regression model to evaluate the risk factors for hospitalization; R 4.1.2 data analysis to investigate the factors for time for nucleic acid negativization (NAN). RESULTS: Compared with the Delta group, the Omicron group reported a fast transmission, mild symptoms, and lower severity incidence, and a significant inverse correlation of vaccination dose with clinical severity (OR: 0.803, 95%CI: 0.742-0.868, p<0.001). Of the 7 or 5 categories of vaccination status, the risk of severity significantly decreased only at ≥21 days after three doses (OR: 0.618, 95% CI: 0.475-0.803, p<0.001; OR: 0.627, 95% CI: 0.482-0.815, p<0.001, respectively). The Omicron group also reported underlying illness as an independent factor for hospitalization, sore throat as a protective factor, and much shorter time for NAN [15 (12,19) vs. 16 (12,22), p<0.05]. NAN was associated positively with age, female gender, fever, cough, and disease severity, but negatively with vaccination doses. CONCLUSION: Booster vaccination should be advocated for COVID-19 pandemic-related control and prevention policies and adequate precautions should be taken for patients with underlying conditions.