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Analysis of Geographic and Environmental Factors and Their Association with Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence in Canada

BACKGROUND: Over 90% of skin cancers including cutaneous melanoma (CM) are related directly to sun exposure. Despite extensive knowledge on ultraviolet radiation's (UVR) detrimental impact, many still fail to implement sun protection/sun avoidance. Human behavior, attitudes, and cultural norms...

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Autores principales: Berman-Rosa, Melissa, Logan, James, Ghazawi, Feras M., Le, Michelle, Conte, Santina, Netchiporouk, Elena, Mukovozov, Ilya M., Cyr, Janelle, Mourad, Ahmed, Miller, Wilson H., Claveau, Joël, Salopek, Thomas G., Gniadecki, Robert, Sasseville, Denis, Rahme, Elham, Lagacé, François, Litvinov, Ivan V.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: S. Karger AG 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9677843/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35679838
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000524949
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author Berman-Rosa, Melissa
Logan, James
Ghazawi, Feras M.
Le, Michelle
Conte, Santina
Netchiporouk, Elena
Mukovozov, Ilya M.
Cyr, Janelle
Mourad, Ahmed
Miller, Wilson H.
Claveau, Joël
Salopek, Thomas G.
Gniadecki, Robert
Sasseville, Denis
Rahme, Elham
Lagacé, François
Litvinov, Ivan V.
author_facet Berman-Rosa, Melissa
Logan, James
Ghazawi, Feras M.
Le, Michelle
Conte, Santina
Netchiporouk, Elena
Mukovozov, Ilya M.
Cyr, Janelle
Mourad, Ahmed
Miller, Wilson H.
Claveau, Joël
Salopek, Thomas G.
Gniadecki, Robert
Sasseville, Denis
Rahme, Elham
Lagacé, François
Litvinov, Ivan V.
author_sort Berman-Rosa, Melissa
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Over 90% of skin cancers including cutaneous melanoma (CM) are related directly to sun exposure. Despite extensive knowledge on ultraviolet radiation's (UVR) detrimental impact, many still fail to implement sun protection/sun avoidance. Human behavior, attitudes, and cultural norms of individuals and communities heavily depend on the surrounding climate/environment. In many instances, the climate shapes the culture/norms of the society. Canada has vast geographic/environmental differences. METHODS: In the current ecological study, we sought to examine the relationship between various geographic and environmental factors and the distribution of CM incidence by Forward Sortation Area (FSA) postal code across Canada. CM incidence data were extracted from the Canadian Cancer Registry, while environmental data were extracted from the Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium (greenspace, as measured by the normalized difference vegetation index; annual highest temperature; absolute number and average length of yearly heat events; annual total precipitation [rain and snow]; absolute number and average length of events with precipitation [rain and snow]; and summer UVR index). The above geographic/environmental data by FSA were correlated with the respective CM incidence employing negative binomial regression model. RESULTS: Our analysis highlights that increases in annual average temperature, summer UVR, and greenspace were associated with higher expected incidence of CM cases, while higher number of annual heat events together with highest annual temperature and higher average number of annual rain events were associated with a decrease in CM incidence rate. This study also highlights regional variation in environmental CM risk factors in Canada. CONCLUSIONS: This national population-based study presents clinically relevant conclusions on weather/geographic variations associated with CM incidence in Canada and will help refine targeted CM prevention campaigns by understanding unique weather/geographic variations in high-risk regions.
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spelling pubmed-96778432022-11-22 Analysis of Geographic and Environmental Factors and Their Association with Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence in Canada Berman-Rosa, Melissa Logan, James Ghazawi, Feras M. Le, Michelle Conte, Santina Netchiporouk, Elena Mukovozov, Ilya M. Cyr, Janelle Mourad, Ahmed Miller, Wilson H. Claveau, Joël Salopek, Thomas G. Gniadecki, Robert Sasseville, Denis Rahme, Elham Lagacé, François Litvinov, Ivan V. Dermatology Skin Cancer − Research Article BACKGROUND: Over 90% of skin cancers including cutaneous melanoma (CM) are related directly to sun exposure. Despite extensive knowledge on ultraviolet radiation's (UVR) detrimental impact, many still fail to implement sun protection/sun avoidance. Human behavior, attitudes, and cultural norms of individuals and communities heavily depend on the surrounding climate/environment. In many instances, the climate shapes the culture/norms of the society. Canada has vast geographic/environmental differences. METHODS: In the current ecological study, we sought to examine the relationship between various geographic and environmental factors and the distribution of CM incidence by Forward Sortation Area (FSA) postal code across Canada. CM incidence data were extracted from the Canadian Cancer Registry, while environmental data were extracted from the Canadian Urban Environmental Health Research Consortium (greenspace, as measured by the normalized difference vegetation index; annual highest temperature; absolute number and average length of yearly heat events; annual total precipitation [rain and snow]; absolute number and average length of events with precipitation [rain and snow]; and summer UVR index). The above geographic/environmental data by FSA were correlated with the respective CM incidence employing negative binomial regression model. RESULTS: Our analysis highlights that increases in annual average temperature, summer UVR, and greenspace were associated with higher expected incidence of CM cases, while higher number of annual heat events together with highest annual temperature and higher average number of annual rain events were associated with a decrease in CM incidence rate. This study also highlights regional variation in environmental CM risk factors in Canada. CONCLUSIONS: This national population-based study presents clinically relevant conclusions on weather/geographic variations associated with CM incidence in Canada and will help refine targeted CM prevention campaigns by understanding unique weather/geographic variations in high-risk regions. S. Karger AG 2022-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9677843/ /pubmed/35679838 http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000524949 Text en Copyright © 2022 by The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY). Usage, derivative works and distribution are permitted provided that proper credit is given to the author and the original publisher.
spellingShingle Skin Cancer − Research Article
Berman-Rosa, Melissa
Logan, James
Ghazawi, Feras M.
Le, Michelle
Conte, Santina
Netchiporouk, Elena
Mukovozov, Ilya M.
Cyr, Janelle
Mourad, Ahmed
Miller, Wilson H.
Claveau, Joël
Salopek, Thomas G.
Gniadecki, Robert
Sasseville, Denis
Rahme, Elham
Lagacé, François
Litvinov, Ivan V.
Analysis of Geographic and Environmental Factors and Their Association with Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence in Canada
title Analysis of Geographic and Environmental Factors and Their Association with Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence in Canada
title_full Analysis of Geographic and Environmental Factors and Their Association with Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence in Canada
title_fullStr Analysis of Geographic and Environmental Factors and Their Association with Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence in Canada
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Geographic and Environmental Factors and Their Association with Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence in Canada
title_short Analysis of Geographic and Environmental Factors and Their Association with Cutaneous Melanoma Incidence in Canada
title_sort analysis of geographic and environmental factors and their association with cutaneous melanoma incidence in canada
topic Skin Cancer − Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9677843/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35679838
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000524949
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