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Pilot study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on inferior vene cava blood flow in patients with chronic venous insufficiency using 4D flow MRI
Four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to objectively assess changes in blood flow velocity in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) who underwent stocking treatment alone and stocking combined with Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) treatment. METHOD...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9678586/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36401399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000031792 |
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author | Jung, Hyuk Jae Choo, Ki Seok |
author_facet | Jung, Hyuk Jae Choo, Ki Seok |
author_sort | Jung, Hyuk Jae |
collection | PubMed |
description | Four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to objectively assess changes in blood flow velocity in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) who underwent stocking treatment alone and stocking combined with Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) treatment. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with CVI were recruited from August 31, 2018 to December 31, 2020. A total of 23 participants were selected, with 10 and 13 patients in the stocking treatment and stocking + GSPE treatment groups, respectively. The blood flow velocity (Th-plane peak and average velocities) was calculated using 4D flow MRI. A paired t test was used to evaluate the differences in blood flow velocity before and after treatment. RESULTS: In the stocking treatment group, The Th-Plane peak velocity increased by 2.48 ± 5.05 cm/s after treatment (P = .16). In the stocking + GSPE treatment group, the Th-Plane peak velocity increased by 4.85 ± 5.57 cm/s after treatment (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The blood flow velocity on 4D flow MRI was significantly increased in participants who underwent GSPE, highlighting the potential of GSPE for CVI treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9678586 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96785862022-11-22 Pilot study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on inferior vene cava blood flow in patients with chronic venous insufficiency using 4D flow MRI Jung, Hyuk Jae Choo, Ki Seok Medicine (Baltimore) 6800 Four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to objectively assess changes in blood flow velocity in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) who underwent stocking treatment alone and stocking combined with Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) treatment. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with CVI were recruited from August 31, 2018 to December 31, 2020. A total of 23 participants were selected, with 10 and 13 patients in the stocking treatment and stocking + GSPE treatment groups, respectively. The blood flow velocity (Th-plane peak and average velocities) was calculated using 4D flow MRI. A paired t test was used to evaluate the differences in blood flow velocity before and after treatment. RESULTS: In the stocking treatment group, The Th-Plane peak velocity increased by 2.48 ± 5.05 cm/s after treatment (P = .16). In the stocking + GSPE treatment group, the Th-Plane peak velocity increased by 4.85 ± 5.57 cm/s after treatment (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The blood flow velocity on 4D flow MRI was significantly increased in participants who underwent GSPE, highlighting the potential of GSPE for CVI treatment. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2022-11-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9678586/ /pubmed/36401399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000031792 Text en Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. |
spellingShingle | 6800 Jung, Hyuk Jae Choo, Ki Seok Pilot study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on inferior vene cava blood flow in patients with chronic venous insufficiency using 4D flow MRI |
title | Pilot study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on inferior vene cava blood flow in patients with chronic venous insufficiency using 4D flow MRI |
title_full | Pilot study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on inferior vene cava blood flow in patients with chronic venous insufficiency using 4D flow MRI |
title_fullStr | Pilot study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on inferior vene cava blood flow in patients with chronic venous insufficiency using 4D flow MRI |
title_full_unstemmed | Pilot study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on inferior vene cava blood flow in patients with chronic venous insufficiency using 4D flow MRI |
title_short | Pilot study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on inferior vene cava blood flow in patients with chronic venous insufficiency using 4D flow MRI |
title_sort | pilot study on the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on inferior vene cava blood flow in patients with chronic venous insufficiency using 4d flow mri |
topic | 6800 |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9678586/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36401399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000031792 |
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