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Cyclin D1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia
AIMS: The involvement of cyclin D1 in the proliferation of microglia, and the generation and maintenance of bone cancer pain (BCP), have not yet been clarified. We investigated the expression of microglia and cyclin D1, and the influences of cyclin D1 on pain threshold. METHODS: Female Sprague Dawle...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9680203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36374014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.1111.BJR-2022-0018.R1 |
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author | Guan, Xuehai Gong, Xiaofang Jiao, Ziyin Y. Cao, Huiyu Y. Liu, Susu Lin, Chengxin Huang, Xiaofang Lan, Hongmeng Ma, Li Xu, Bing |
author_facet | Guan, Xuehai Gong, Xiaofang Jiao, Ziyin Y. Cao, Huiyu Y. Liu, Susu Lin, Chengxin Huang, Xiaofang Lan, Hongmeng Ma, Li Xu, Bing |
author_sort | Guan, Xuehai |
collection | PubMed |
description | AIMS: The involvement of cyclin D1 in the proliferation of microglia, and the generation and maintenance of bone cancer pain (BCP), have not yet been clarified. We investigated the expression of microglia and cyclin D1, and the influences of cyclin D1 on pain threshold. METHODS: Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish a rat model of BCP, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1) and cyclin D1 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot, respectively. The proliferation of spinal microglia was detected by immunohistochemistry. The pain behaviour test was assessed by quantification of spontaneous flinches, limb use, and guarding during forced ambulation, mechanical paw withdrawal threshold, and thermal paw withdrawal latency. RESULTS: IBA1 and cyclin D1 in the ipsilateral spinal horn increased in a time-dependent fashion. Spinal microglia proliferated in BCP rats. The microglia inhibitor minocycline attenuated the pain behaviour in BCP rats. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor flavopiridol inhibited the proliferation of spinal microglia, and was associated with an improvement in pain behaviour in BCP rats. CONCLUSION: Our results revealed that the inhibition of spinal microglial proliferation was associated with a decrease in pain behaviour in a rat model of BCP. Cyclin D1 acts as a key regulator of the proliferation of spinal microglia in a rat model of BCP. Disruption of cyclin D1, the restriction-point control of cell cycle, inhibited the proliferation of microglia and attenuated the pain behaviours in BCP rats. Cyclin D1 and the proliferation of spinal microglia may be potential targets for the clinical treatment of BCP. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(11):803–813. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9680203 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | The British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96802032022-11-23 Cyclin D1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia Guan, Xuehai Gong, Xiaofang Jiao, Ziyin Y. Cao, Huiyu Y. Liu, Susu Lin, Chengxin Huang, Xiaofang Lan, Hongmeng Ma, Li Xu, Bing Bone Joint Res Bone Biology AIMS: The involvement of cyclin D1 in the proliferation of microglia, and the generation and maintenance of bone cancer pain (BCP), have not yet been clarified. We investigated the expression of microglia and cyclin D1, and the influences of cyclin D1 on pain threshold. METHODS: Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish a rat model of BCP, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1) and cyclin D1 were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot, respectively. The proliferation of spinal microglia was detected by immunohistochemistry. The pain behaviour test was assessed by quantification of spontaneous flinches, limb use, and guarding during forced ambulation, mechanical paw withdrawal threshold, and thermal paw withdrawal latency. RESULTS: IBA1 and cyclin D1 in the ipsilateral spinal horn increased in a time-dependent fashion. Spinal microglia proliferated in BCP rats. The microglia inhibitor minocycline attenuated the pain behaviour in BCP rats. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor flavopiridol inhibited the proliferation of spinal microglia, and was associated with an improvement in pain behaviour in BCP rats. CONCLUSION: Our results revealed that the inhibition of spinal microglial proliferation was associated with a decrease in pain behaviour in a rat model of BCP. Cyclin D1 acts as a key regulator of the proliferation of spinal microglia in a rat model of BCP. Disruption of cyclin D1, the restriction-point control of cell cycle, inhibited the proliferation of microglia and attenuated the pain behaviours in BCP rats. Cyclin D1 and the proliferation of spinal microglia may be potential targets for the clinical treatment of BCP. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(11):803–813. The British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery 2022-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9680203/ /pubmed/36374014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.1111.BJR-2022-0018.R1 Text en © 2022 Author(s) et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) licence, which permits the copying and redistribution of the work only, and provided the original author and source are credited. See https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Bone Biology Guan, Xuehai Gong, Xiaofang Jiao, Ziyin Y. Cao, Huiyu Y. Liu, Susu Lin, Chengxin Huang, Xiaofang Lan, Hongmeng Ma, Li Xu, Bing Cyclin D1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia |
title | Cyclin D1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia |
title_full | Cyclin D1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia |
title_fullStr | Cyclin D1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia |
title_full_unstemmed | Cyclin D1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia |
title_short | Cyclin D1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia |
title_sort | cyclin d1 mediates pain behaviour in a rat model of breast cancer-induced bone pain by a mechanism involving regulation of the proliferation of spinal microglia |
topic | Bone Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9680203/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36374014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.1111.BJR-2022-0018.R1 |
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