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Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases and Dietary Practices among Pakistani Children—A Schools Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Functional gastrointestinal diseases (FGIDs) are an important yet highly under explored area among public health issues. FGIDs’ complex etiology makes them of interest along with their prevalence in children steadily increasing, especially in the developing world. We aimed to determine t...

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Autores principales: Malik, Zoha Imtiaz, Umer, Muhammad Farooq, Ali, Khizar Nabeel, Kawish, Ayesha Babar, Arshed, Muhammad, Zofeen, Shumaila, Farid, Awais
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9680336/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36412597
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases10040103
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author Malik, Zoha Imtiaz
Umer, Muhammad Farooq
Ali, Khizar Nabeel
Kawish, Ayesha Babar
Arshed, Muhammad
Zofeen, Shumaila
Farid, Awais
author_facet Malik, Zoha Imtiaz
Umer, Muhammad Farooq
Ali, Khizar Nabeel
Kawish, Ayesha Babar
Arshed, Muhammad
Zofeen, Shumaila
Farid, Awais
author_sort Malik, Zoha Imtiaz
collection PubMed
description Background: Functional gastrointestinal diseases (FGIDs) are an important yet highly under explored area among public health issues. FGIDs’ complex etiology makes them of interest along with their prevalence in children steadily increasing, especially in the developing world. We aimed to determine the burden FGIDs pose on school-going children, and to determine its association with the dietary intake patterns in Pakistani children. Methodology: The study included 385 school-children from public and private schools in Pakistan through multistage random sampling, from March to August 2022. We used the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Rome IV Criteria for a comprehensive exploration of the issue. Associations between the FGIDs and dietary factors were analyzed using chi-square and Fischer’s exact tests in SPSS version 26.0. Results: Females constituted 77.4% (n = 298) of all respondents, while 44.9% (n = 173) of the total reported a family history of gastrointestinal diseases. FFQ analysis showed varying consumption frequencies for different food groups. Functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were the highest reported FGIDs with a prevalence of 38.7% (n = 149) and 24.9% (n = 96), respectively. Statistical associations were found between different FGIDs and gender, age, household income, family members, and dietary variables such as fruit, vegetable, beverage and pulse consumption. Conclusion: FGIDs were found to be associated with a number of socio-demographic and dietary factors which calls for small scale and large scale attention to the issue. Results from the current study and further studies may help develop guidelines to manage these disorders in Pakistan.
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spelling pubmed-96803362022-11-23 Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases and Dietary Practices among Pakistani Children—A Schools Based Cross-Sectional Study Malik, Zoha Imtiaz Umer, Muhammad Farooq Ali, Khizar Nabeel Kawish, Ayesha Babar Arshed, Muhammad Zofeen, Shumaila Farid, Awais Diseases Article Background: Functional gastrointestinal diseases (FGIDs) are an important yet highly under explored area among public health issues. FGIDs’ complex etiology makes them of interest along with their prevalence in children steadily increasing, especially in the developing world. We aimed to determine the burden FGIDs pose on school-going children, and to determine its association with the dietary intake patterns in Pakistani children. Methodology: The study included 385 school-children from public and private schools in Pakistan through multistage random sampling, from March to August 2022. We used the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and Rome IV Criteria for a comprehensive exploration of the issue. Associations between the FGIDs and dietary factors were analyzed using chi-square and Fischer’s exact tests in SPSS version 26.0. Results: Females constituted 77.4% (n = 298) of all respondents, while 44.9% (n = 173) of the total reported a family history of gastrointestinal diseases. FFQ analysis showed varying consumption frequencies for different food groups. Functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were the highest reported FGIDs with a prevalence of 38.7% (n = 149) and 24.9% (n = 96), respectively. Statistical associations were found between different FGIDs and gender, age, household income, family members, and dietary variables such as fruit, vegetable, beverage and pulse consumption. Conclusion: FGIDs were found to be associated with a number of socio-demographic and dietary factors which calls for small scale and large scale attention to the issue. Results from the current study and further studies may help develop guidelines to manage these disorders in Pakistan. MDPI 2022-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9680336/ /pubmed/36412597 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases10040103 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Malik, Zoha Imtiaz
Umer, Muhammad Farooq
Ali, Khizar Nabeel
Kawish, Ayesha Babar
Arshed, Muhammad
Zofeen, Shumaila
Farid, Awais
Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases and Dietary Practices among Pakistani Children—A Schools Based Cross-Sectional Study
title Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases and Dietary Practices among Pakistani Children—A Schools Based Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases and Dietary Practices among Pakistani Children—A Schools Based Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases and Dietary Practices among Pakistani Children—A Schools Based Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases and Dietary Practices among Pakistani Children—A Schools Based Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases and Dietary Practices among Pakistani Children—A Schools Based Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort functional gastrointestinal diseases and dietary practices among pakistani children—a schools based cross-sectional study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9680336/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36412597
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diseases10040103
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