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Effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference
Intact executive functions are characterized by flexible adaptation to task requirements, while these effects are reduced in internalizing disorders. Furthermore, as executive functions play an important role in emotion regulation, deficits in executive functions may contribute to symptom generation...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9681094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36413545 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276994 |
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author | Grützmann, Rosa Kathmann, Norbert Heinzel, Stephan |
author_facet | Grützmann, Rosa Kathmann, Norbert Heinzel, Stephan |
author_sort | Grützmann, Rosa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Intact executive functions are characterized by flexible adaptation to task requirements, while these effects are reduced in internalizing disorders. Furthermore, as executive functions play an important role in emotion regulation, deficits in executive functions may contribute to symptom generation in psychological disorders through increased emotional interference. Thus, the present study investigated transfer effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference in healthy participants (n = 24) to further explore the training’s suitability for clinical application. To assess the adaptation to task difficulty, the proportion congruency effect on behavioral data (response times, error rates) and ERP measures (N2, CRN) was assessed in a flanker task with varying frequency of incompatible trials (25%, 75%). To quantify emotional interference, flanker stimuli were superimposed on neutral or negative pictures. Replicating previous results, the training increased interference control as indexed by decreased response times and errors rates, increased N2 amplitude and decreased CRN amplitude in incompatible trials after training. Proportion congruency effects were weaker than expected and not affected by the training intervention. The training lead to a shift in the time-point of emotional interference: before training negative pictures lead to a reduction in CRN amplitude, while after training this reduction was observed for the N2. This pattern illustrates that the training leads to a change in task processing mode from predominant response-related cognitive control to predominant stimulus-related cognitive control (N2), indicating a proactive processing mode. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9681094 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96810942022-11-23 Effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference Grützmann, Rosa Kathmann, Norbert Heinzel, Stephan PLoS One Research Article Intact executive functions are characterized by flexible adaptation to task requirements, while these effects are reduced in internalizing disorders. Furthermore, as executive functions play an important role in emotion regulation, deficits in executive functions may contribute to symptom generation in psychological disorders through increased emotional interference. Thus, the present study investigated transfer effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference in healthy participants (n = 24) to further explore the training’s suitability for clinical application. To assess the adaptation to task difficulty, the proportion congruency effect on behavioral data (response times, error rates) and ERP measures (N2, CRN) was assessed in a flanker task with varying frequency of incompatible trials (25%, 75%). To quantify emotional interference, flanker stimuli were superimposed on neutral or negative pictures. Replicating previous results, the training increased interference control as indexed by decreased response times and errors rates, increased N2 amplitude and decreased CRN amplitude in incompatible trials after training. Proportion congruency effects were weaker than expected and not affected by the training intervention. The training lead to a shift in the time-point of emotional interference: before training negative pictures lead to a reduction in CRN amplitude, while after training this reduction was observed for the N2. This pattern illustrates that the training leads to a change in task processing mode from predominant response-related cognitive control to predominant stimulus-related cognitive control (N2), indicating a proactive processing mode. Public Library of Science 2022-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9681094/ /pubmed/36413545 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276994 Text en © 2022 Grützmann et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Grützmann, Rosa Kathmann, Norbert Heinzel, Stephan Effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference |
title | Effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference |
title_full | Effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference |
title_fullStr | Effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference |
title_short | Effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference |
title_sort | effects of a three-week executive control training on adaptation to task difficulty and emotional interference |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9681094/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36413545 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276994 |
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