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COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and hospitalization: Meta-analysis

The addictive protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection conferred by vaccination, as compared to natural immunity alone, remains to be quantified. We thus carried out a meta-analysis to summarize the existing evidence on the association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and the risk of reinfection and...

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Autores principales: Flacco, Maria Elena, Acuti Martellucci, Cecilia, Baccolini, Valentina, De Vito, Corrado, Renzi, Erika, Villari, Paolo, Manzoli, Lamberto
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9681813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36438045
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1023507
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author Flacco, Maria Elena
Acuti Martellucci, Cecilia
Baccolini, Valentina
De Vito, Corrado
Renzi, Erika
Villari, Paolo
Manzoli, Lamberto
author_facet Flacco, Maria Elena
Acuti Martellucci, Cecilia
Baccolini, Valentina
De Vito, Corrado
Renzi, Erika
Villari, Paolo
Manzoli, Lamberto
author_sort Flacco, Maria Elena
collection PubMed
description The addictive protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection conferred by vaccination, as compared to natural immunity alone, remains to be quantified. We thus carried out a meta-analysis to summarize the existing evidence on the association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and the risk of reinfection and disease. We searched MedLine, Scopus and preprint repositories up to July 31, 2022, to retrieve cohort or case-control studies comparing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection or severe/critical COVID-19 among vaccinated vs. unvaccinated subjects, recovered from a primary episode. Data were combined using a generic inverse-variance approach. Eighteen studies, enrolling 18,132,192 individuals, were included. As compared to the unvaccinated, vaccinated subjects showed a significantly lower likelihood of reinfection (summary Odds Ratio—OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.42–0.54). Notably, the results did not change up to 12 months of follow-up, by number of vaccine doses, in studies that adjusted for potential confounders, adopting different reinfection definitions, and with different predominant strains. Once reinfected, vaccinated subjects were also significantly less likely to develop a severe disease (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.38–0.54). Although further studies on the long-term persistence of protection, under the challenge of the new circulating variants, are clearly needed, the present meta-analysis provides solid evidence of a stronger protection of hybrid vs. natural immunity, which may persist during Omicron waves and up to 12 months.
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spelling pubmed-96818132022-11-24 COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and hospitalization: Meta-analysis Flacco, Maria Elena Acuti Martellucci, Cecilia Baccolini, Valentina De Vito, Corrado Renzi, Erika Villari, Paolo Manzoli, Lamberto Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine The addictive protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection conferred by vaccination, as compared to natural immunity alone, remains to be quantified. We thus carried out a meta-analysis to summarize the existing evidence on the association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and the risk of reinfection and disease. We searched MedLine, Scopus and preprint repositories up to July 31, 2022, to retrieve cohort or case-control studies comparing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection or severe/critical COVID-19 among vaccinated vs. unvaccinated subjects, recovered from a primary episode. Data were combined using a generic inverse-variance approach. Eighteen studies, enrolling 18,132,192 individuals, were included. As compared to the unvaccinated, vaccinated subjects showed a significantly lower likelihood of reinfection (summary Odds Ratio—OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.42–0.54). Notably, the results did not change up to 12 months of follow-up, by number of vaccine doses, in studies that adjusted for potential confounders, adopting different reinfection definitions, and with different predominant strains. Once reinfected, vaccinated subjects were also significantly less likely to develop a severe disease (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.38–0.54). Although further studies on the long-term persistence of protection, under the challenge of the new circulating variants, are clearly needed, the present meta-analysis provides solid evidence of a stronger protection of hybrid vs. natural immunity, which may persist during Omicron waves and up to 12 months. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9681813/ /pubmed/36438045 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1023507 Text en Copyright © 2022 Flacco, Acuti Martellucci, Baccolini, De Vito, Renzi, Villari and Manzoli. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Flacco, Maria Elena
Acuti Martellucci, Cecilia
Baccolini, Valentina
De Vito, Corrado
Renzi, Erika
Villari, Paolo
Manzoli, Lamberto
COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and hospitalization: Meta-analysis
title COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and hospitalization: Meta-analysis
title_full COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and hospitalization: Meta-analysis
title_fullStr COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and hospitalization: Meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and hospitalization: Meta-analysis
title_short COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and hospitalization: Meta-analysis
title_sort covid-19 vaccines reduce the risk of sars-cov-2 reinfection and hospitalization: meta-analysis
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9681813/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36438045
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1023507
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