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Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic

OBJECTIVE: Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms have been linked to suicidal behavior. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in this association. This study examined ADHD symptoms and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of self–perceived s...

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Autores principales: Stickley, Andrew, Shirama, Aya, Inagawa, Takuma, Ruchkin, Vladislav, Koposov, Roman, Isaksson, Johan, Inoue, Yosuke, Sumiyoshi, Tomiki
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9682032/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36440405
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1008290
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author Stickley, Andrew
Shirama, Aya
Inagawa, Takuma
Ruchkin, Vladislav
Koposov, Roman
Isaksson, Johan
Inoue, Yosuke
Sumiyoshi, Tomiki
author_facet Stickley, Andrew
Shirama, Aya
Inagawa, Takuma
Ruchkin, Vladislav
Koposov, Roman
Isaksson, Johan
Inoue, Yosuke
Sumiyoshi, Tomiki
author_sort Stickley, Andrew
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms have been linked to suicidal behavior. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in this association. This study examined ADHD symptoms and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of self–perceived stress in this association. METHOD: Data were analyzed from an online sample of 1,452 Japanese individuals aged 18 to 89 obtained in February 2021. Information was collected on past–year suicidal ideation. ADHD symptoms were assessed with the Adult ADHD Self–Report Scale (ASRS) Screener while stress was measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS−14). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ−9), while the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD−7) was used to assess anxiety symptoms. Logistic regression was used to examine associations. RESULTS: Fifty–one (3.5%) individuals had ADHD symptoms, while more than one in ten (11.7%) of the respondents reported past–year suicidal ideation. In an analysis adjusted for sociodemographic factors, ADHD symptoms were associated with eight times higher odds for past–year suicidal ideation. However, adjusting the analysis for mental health variables (anxiety and depressive symptoms) attenuated the association which became non–significant (odds ratio [OR]: 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92–4.18). In contrast, in an analysis adjusted for mental health, individuals with ADHD symptoms and stress had significantly higher odds for suicidal ideation (OR: 3.72, 95%CI: 1.43–9.67) whereas, ADHD symptoms without stress were not linked to suicidal ideation (OR: 1.25, 95%CI: 0.38–4.18). CONCLUSIONS: Self–perceived stress is important in the association between ADHD symptoms and suicidal ideation among individuals in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Detecting and managing stress and its effects in individuals with ADHD/ADHD symptoms should be a therapeutic focus for improving health–related outcomes in this population both during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.
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spelling pubmed-96820322022-11-24 Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic Stickley, Andrew Shirama, Aya Inagawa, Takuma Ruchkin, Vladislav Koposov, Roman Isaksson, Johan Inoue, Yosuke Sumiyoshi, Tomiki Front Psychiatry Psychiatry OBJECTIVE: Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms have been linked to suicidal behavior. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in this association. This study examined ADHD symptoms and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of self–perceived stress in this association. METHOD: Data were analyzed from an online sample of 1,452 Japanese individuals aged 18 to 89 obtained in February 2021. Information was collected on past–year suicidal ideation. ADHD symptoms were assessed with the Adult ADHD Self–Report Scale (ASRS) Screener while stress was measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS−14). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ−9), while the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD−7) was used to assess anxiety symptoms. Logistic regression was used to examine associations. RESULTS: Fifty–one (3.5%) individuals had ADHD symptoms, while more than one in ten (11.7%) of the respondents reported past–year suicidal ideation. In an analysis adjusted for sociodemographic factors, ADHD symptoms were associated with eight times higher odds for past–year suicidal ideation. However, adjusting the analysis for mental health variables (anxiety and depressive symptoms) attenuated the association which became non–significant (odds ratio [OR]: 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92–4.18). In contrast, in an analysis adjusted for mental health, individuals with ADHD symptoms and stress had significantly higher odds for suicidal ideation (OR: 3.72, 95%CI: 1.43–9.67) whereas, ADHD symptoms without stress were not linked to suicidal ideation (OR: 1.25, 95%CI: 0.38–4.18). CONCLUSIONS: Self–perceived stress is important in the association between ADHD symptoms and suicidal ideation among individuals in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Detecting and managing stress and its effects in individuals with ADHD/ADHD symptoms should be a therapeutic focus for improving health–related outcomes in this population both during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9682032/ /pubmed/36440405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1008290 Text en Copyright © 2022 Stickley, Shirama, Inagawa, Ruchkin, Koposov, Isaksson, Inoue and Sumiyoshi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Stickley, Andrew
Shirama, Aya
Inagawa, Takuma
Ruchkin, Vladislav
Koposov, Roman
Isaksson, Johan
Inoue, Yosuke
Sumiyoshi, Tomiki
Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic
title Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_fullStr Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full_unstemmed Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_short Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_sort attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the covid-19 pandemic
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9682032/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36440405
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1008290
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