Hymenolepis diminuta Infection in a Rural Child from North of Iran

We report a case of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in a two years old boy living in Guilan Province, northern Iran diagnosed in 2019. The patient was complained of anorexia, weight loss, weakness and disturbed sleep. Stool examination revealed numerous eggs of H. diminuta. After treatment with a single dose of oral praziquantel, the patient recovered without evidence of the egg shedding in follow-up stool samples. Moreover, we performed detailed phylogenetic analysis of the H. diminuta comparing with other isolates deposited in GenBank database based on Cox1 gene. Based on BLAST analysis of Cox1 gene our sequence showed 97.4–99.2% similarity with those of H. diminuta available in GenBank. The present study recommends the importance of reporting the infection cases, in order to improve knowledge on epidemiology and control of the neglected disease.