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The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction
OBJECTIVE: Depression is positively correlated with the high incidence and low survival rate of cancers, while more cancer patients suffer depression. However, the interaction between depression and cancer, and possible underline mechanisms are unclear. METHODS: Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CU...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9683596/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36417428 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277945 |
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author | Liu, Bai-Ping Zhang, Cai Zhang, Yong-Ping Li, Kang-Wei Song, Cai |
author_facet | Liu, Bai-Ping Zhang, Cai Zhang, Yong-Ping Li, Kang-Wei Song, Cai |
author_sort | Liu, Bai-Ping |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Depression is positively correlated with the high incidence and low survival rate of cancers, while more cancer patients suffer depression. However, the interaction between depression and cancer, and possible underline mechanisms are unclear. METHODS: Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to induce depression, and smoke to induce lung cancer in lung cancer vulnerable AJ mice. After 8 weeks, sucrose preference and forced swimming behaviors were tested. Blood corticosterone concentration, and levels of cytokines, lung cancer-related factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and apoptosis-related factors in the lung, amygdala and hippocampus were measured. RESULTS: Compared to control group, CUMS or smoke decreased sucrose consumption and increased immobility time, which were deteriorated by stress+smoke. CUMS, smoke or both combination decreased mononuclear viability and lung TNF-α concentration, increased serum corticosterone and lung interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and HSP-90α concentrations. Furthermore, stress+smoke caused more increase in corticosterone and IL-10, but decreased TNF-α. In parallel, in the lung, Bcl-2/Bax and lung cancer-related factors CDK1, CDC20, P38α etc were significantly increased in stress+smoke group. Moreover, CUMS decreased BDNF, while CUMS or smoke increased TrkB and P75 concentrations, which were exacerbated by stress+smoke. In the amygdala, except for CUMS largely increased Bax/Bcl-2 and decreased TrkB, each single factor decreased BDNF and IL-10, but increased P75, IL-1β, IL-12, TNF-α concentrations. Changes in Bax/Bcl-2, IL-10 and TNF-α were further aggravated by the combination. In the hippocampus, except for CUMS largely increased P75 concentration, each single factor significantly increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, IL-1β and TNF-α, but decreased BDNF, TrkB and IL-10 concentrations. Changes in Bax, Bax/Bcl-2, IL-10 and TNF-α were further aggravated by the combination. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a synergy between CUMS and smoke exposure could promote the development of depression and lung cancer, through CUMS increased the risk of cancer occurrence, and conversely lung cancer inducer smoke exposure deteriorated depressive symptoms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9683596 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96835962022-11-24 The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction Liu, Bai-Ping Zhang, Cai Zhang, Yong-Ping Li, Kang-Wei Song, Cai PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVE: Depression is positively correlated with the high incidence and low survival rate of cancers, while more cancer patients suffer depression. However, the interaction between depression and cancer, and possible underline mechanisms are unclear. METHODS: Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to induce depression, and smoke to induce lung cancer in lung cancer vulnerable AJ mice. After 8 weeks, sucrose preference and forced swimming behaviors were tested. Blood corticosterone concentration, and levels of cytokines, lung cancer-related factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and apoptosis-related factors in the lung, amygdala and hippocampus were measured. RESULTS: Compared to control group, CUMS or smoke decreased sucrose consumption and increased immobility time, which were deteriorated by stress+smoke. CUMS, smoke or both combination decreased mononuclear viability and lung TNF-α concentration, increased serum corticosterone and lung interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and HSP-90α concentrations. Furthermore, stress+smoke caused more increase in corticosterone and IL-10, but decreased TNF-α. In parallel, in the lung, Bcl-2/Bax and lung cancer-related factors CDK1, CDC20, P38α etc were significantly increased in stress+smoke group. Moreover, CUMS decreased BDNF, while CUMS or smoke increased TrkB and P75 concentrations, which were exacerbated by stress+smoke. In the amygdala, except for CUMS largely increased Bax/Bcl-2 and decreased TrkB, each single factor decreased BDNF and IL-10, but increased P75, IL-1β, IL-12, TNF-α concentrations. Changes in Bax/Bcl-2, IL-10 and TNF-α were further aggravated by the combination. In the hippocampus, except for CUMS largely increased P75 concentration, each single factor significantly increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, IL-1β and TNF-α, but decreased BDNF, TrkB and IL-10 concentrations. Changes in Bax, Bax/Bcl-2, IL-10 and TNF-α were further aggravated by the combination. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a synergy between CUMS and smoke exposure could promote the development of depression and lung cancer, through CUMS increased the risk of cancer occurrence, and conversely lung cancer inducer smoke exposure deteriorated depressive symptoms. Public Library of Science 2022-11-23 /pmc/articles/PMC9683596/ /pubmed/36417428 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277945 Text en © 2022 Liu et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Liu, Bai-Ping Zhang, Cai Zhang, Yong-Ping Li, Kang-Wei Song, Cai The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction |
title | The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction |
title_full | The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction |
title_fullStr | The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction |
title_full_unstemmed | The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction |
title_short | The combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in A/J mice: Involve inflammation and BDNF dysfunction |
title_sort | combination of chronic stress and smoke exacerbated depression-like changes and lung cancer factor expression in a/j mice: involve inflammation and bdnf dysfunction |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9683596/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36417428 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277945 |
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