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Self-medication with ophthalmic drugs and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients attending three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and practice of self-medication and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients. DESIGN: An analytical cross-sectional study design was employed. SETTING: Three hospitals inAsmara, Eritrea. PARTICIPANTS: Samples of ophthalmic outpatients aged >18 years who...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9685241/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36414303 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063147 |
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author | Tesfay, Hayleab Fiseha, Kibrom Abera, Simon Mihreteab Siele, Senai Tesfamariam, Eyasu H Abdu, Nuru |
author_facet | Tesfay, Hayleab Fiseha, Kibrom Abera, Simon Mihreteab Siele, Senai Tesfamariam, Eyasu H Abdu, Nuru |
author_sort | Tesfay, Hayleab |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and practice of self-medication and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients. DESIGN: An analytical cross-sectional study design was employed. SETTING: Three hospitals inAsmara, Eritrea. PARTICIPANTS: Samples of ophthalmic outpatients aged >18 years who visited the three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea. Systematic random sampling was used to select the study participants. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were collected from September 2021 to October 2021 in a face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were double entered and analysed using CSPro (V.7.2) and SPSS (V.26), respectively. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were performed. P values less than 0.05 were considered as significant. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Main outcome variable was practice of self-medication with ophthalmic drugs (SMOD). Secondary outcome measure was the determinants of self-medication practice. RESULTS: A total of 351 participants were recruited with a response rate of 97.7%. The prevalence of SMOD was found to be 14.9% (95% CI (11.1% to 18.7%)). The most frequently preferred ophthalmic drug groups were antibiotics (63.6%), followed by corticosteroids (22.7%). The main reasons for SMOD were easy accessibility (52.9%) and previous familiarity of the eye medication (27.5%). Eye redness (n=19/51) and foreign body sensation (n=18/51) were the most self-recognised complaints that required self-medication. The most common source of information for SMOD was pharmacy professionals (41.1%). Only attitude score (Crude odds ratio (COR)= 1.25, 95% CI 1.12, 1.39) was significantly associated with the practice of SMOD at bivariate logistic regression. CONCLUSION: Though the majority of respondents considered self-medication with ophthalmic drugs as inappropriate, a significant number of them practising it. This mandates relevant bodies to take stricter measures to protect the public from the misuse of eye medications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9685241 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96852412022-11-25 Self-medication with ophthalmic drugs and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients attending three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study Tesfay, Hayleab Fiseha, Kibrom Abera, Simon Mihreteab Siele, Senai Tesfamariam, Eyasu H Abdu, Nuru BMJ Open Epidemiology OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and practice of self-medication and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients. DESIGN: An analytical cross-sectional study design was employed. SETTING: Three hospitals inAsmara, Eritrea. PARTICIPANTS: Samples of ophthalmic outpatients aged >18 years who visited the three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea. Systematic random sampling was used to select the study participants. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were collected from September 2021 to October 2021 in a face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were double entered and analysed using CSPro (V.7.2) and SPSS (V.26), respectively. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were performed. P values less than 0.05 were considered as significant. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Main outcome variable was practice of self-medication with ophthalmic drugs (SMOD). Secondary outcome measure was the determinants of self-medication practice. RESULTS: A total of 351 participants were recruited with a response rate of 97.7%. The prevalence of SMOD was found to be 14.9% (95% CI (11.1% to 18.7%)). The most frequently preferred ophthalmic drug groups were antibiotics (63.6%), followed by corticosteroids (22.7%). The main reasons for SMOD were easy accessibility (52.9%) and previous familiarity of the eye medication (27.5%). Eye redness (n=19/51) and foreign body sensation (n=18/51) were the most self-recognised complaints that required self-medication. The most common source of information for SMOD was pharmacy professionals (41.1%). Only attitude score (Crude odds ratio (COR)= 1.25, 95% CI 1.12, 1.39) was significantly associated with the practice of SMOD at bivariate logistic regression. CONCLUSION: Though the majority of respondents considered self-medication with ophthalmic drugs as inappropriate, a significant number of them practising it. This mandates relevant bodies to take stricter measures to protect the public from the misuse of eye medications. BMJ Publishing Group 2022-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC9685241/ /pubmed/36414303 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063147 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Epidemiology Tesfay, Hayleab Fiseha, Kibrom Abera, Simon Mihreteab Siele, Senai Tesfamariam, Eyasu H Abdu, Nuru Self-medication with ophthalmic drugs and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients attending three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study |
title | Self-medication with ophthalmic drugs and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients attending three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study |
title_full | Self-medication with ophthalmic drugs and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients attending three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study |
title_fullStr | Self-medication with ophthalmic drugs and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients attending three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study |
title_full_unstemmed | Self-medication with ophthalmic drugs and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients attending three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study |
title_short | Self-medication with ophthalmic drugs and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients attending three hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea: a cross-sectional study |
title_sort | self-medication with ophthalmic drugs and its associated factors among ophthalmic patients attending three hospitals in asmara, eritrea: a cross-sectional study |
topic | Epidemiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9685241/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36414303 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063147 |
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