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Psychopathology of psychiatric patients presenting autoantibodies against neuroglial antigens

BACKGROUND: Autoantibody-mediated psychiatric disorder is often difficult to diagnose as the clinical features of psychiatric disorder associated with neural autoantibodies are often similar. Thus, it is of major relevance to investigate whether psychopathology can differentiate between both disease...

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Autores principales: Grenzer, Insa Maria, Juhl, Aaron Levin, Teegen, Bianca, Fitzner, Dirk, Wiltfang, Jens, Hansen, Niels
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9685427/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36440415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.945549
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author Grenzer, Insa Maria
Juhl, Aaron Levin
Teegen, Bianca
Fitzner, Dirk
Wiltfang, Jens
Hansen, Niels
author_facet Grenzer, Insa Maria
Juhl, Aaron Levin
Teegen, Bianca
Fitzner, Dirk
Wiltfang, Jens
Hansen, Niels
author_sort Grenzer, Insa Maria
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Autoantibody-mediated psychiatric disorder is often difficult to diagnose as the clinical features of psychiatric disorder associated with neural autoantibodies are often similar. Thus, it is of major relevance to investigate whether psychopathology can differentiate between both disease entities as a biomarker and help us in searching for specific autoantibodies associated with psychiatric symptoms. METHODS: We enrolled 154 patients of the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of the University Medical Center Göttingen with psychopathology data and retrospectively evaluated their patient records using the classification systems AMDP (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Methodik und Dokumentation in der Psychiatrie) and HiTOP (Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology). RESULTS: We identified 35 psychiatric patients revealing autoantibodies in their serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 119 with no autoantibodies. Relying on the AMDP system, many more psychiatric patients with serum autoantibodies (51%) had problems with orientation than those without autoantibodies (32%) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, fewer psychiatric patients with serum autoantibodies exhibited a blunted affect (11.4 vs. 32.8%, p < 0.01) and affective rigidity (20 vs. 45%, p < 0.01). In particular, psychiatric patients presenting CSF autoantibodies (indicating an autoimmune symptomatic basis) experience more loss of vitality (5%) than those without autoantibodies (0%) (p < 0.05). Another interesting finding is that according to the AMDP classification, a manic syndrome is much more frequent in autoantibody-positive (8.6%) than autoantibody-negative psychiatric patients (0.8%) (p < 0.05). Another aspect is the more frequent occurrence of attention and memory deficits in patients with autoantibodies against intracellular targets compared with targets on the membrane surface. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that neural autoantibodies in psychiatric patients could indicate a phenotype more often characterized by a manic syndrome, orientation disturbances within the cognitive spectrum, and fewer affect disturbances characterized by less blunted affect and not as seriously impaired feelings of vitality compared to controls. The novelty of our approach is the extensive autoantibody tests for various psychiatric syndromes in combination with a profound psychometric measurement with two different scales.
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spelling pubmed-96854272022-11-25 Psychopathology of psychiatric patients presenting autoantibodies against neuroglial antigens Grenzer, Insa Maria Juhl, Aaron Levin Teegen, Bianca Fitzner, Dirk Wiltfang, Jens Hansen, Niels Front Psychiatry Psychiatry BACKGROUND: Autoantibody-mediated psychiatric disorder is often difficult to diagnose as the clinical features of psychiatric disorder associated with neural autoantibodies are often similar. Thus, it is of major relevance to investigate whether psychopathology can differentiate between both disease entities as a biomarker and help us in searching for specific autoantibodies associated with psychiatric symptoms. METHODS: We enrolled 154 patients of the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of the University Medical Center Göttingen with psychopathology data and retrospectively evaluated their patient records using the classification systems AMDP (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Methodik und Dokumentation in der Psychiatrie) and HiTOP (Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology). RESULTS: We identified 35 psychiatric patients revealing autoantibodies in their serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 119 with no autoantibodies. Relying on the AMDP system, many more psychiatric patients with serum autoantibodies (51%) had problems with orientation than those without autoantibodies (32%) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, fewer psychiatric patients with serum autoantibodies exhibited a blunted affect (11.4 vs. 32.8%, p < 0.01) and affective rigidity (20 vs. 45%, p < 0.01). In particular, psychiatric patients presenting CSF autoantibodies (indicating an autoimmune symptomatic basis) experience more loss of vitality (5%) than those without autoantibodies (0%) (p < 0.05). Another interesting finding is that according to the AMDP classification, a manic syndrome is much more frequent in autoantibody-positive (8.6%) than autoantibody-negative psychiatric patients (0.8%) (p < 0.05). Another aspect is the more frequent occurrence of attention and memory deficits in patients with autoantibodies against intracellular targets compared with targets on the membrane surface. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that neural autoantibodies in psychiatric patients could indicate a phenotype more often characterized by a manic syndrome, orientation disturbances within the cognitive spectrum, and fewer affect disturbances characterized by less blunted affect and not as seriously impaired feelings of vitality compared to controls. The novelty of our approach is the extensive autoantibody tests for various psychiatric syndromes in combination with a profound psychometric measurement with two different scales. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-10 /pmc/articles/PMC9685427/ /pubmed/36440415 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.945549 Text en Copyright © 2022 Grenzer, Juhl, Teegen, Fitzner, Wiltfang and Hansen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Grenzer, Insa Maria
Juhl, Aaron Levin
Teegen, Bianca
Fitzner, Dirk
Wiltfang, Jens
Hansen, Niels
Psychopathology of psychiatric patients presenting autoantibodies against neuroglial antigens
title Psychopathology of psychiatric patients presenting autoantibodies against neuroglial antigens
title_full Psychopathology of psychiatric patients presenting autoantibodies against neuroglial antigens
title_fullStr Psychopathology of psychiatric patients presenting autoantibodies against neuroglial antigens
title_full_unstemmed Psychopathology of psychiatric patients presenting autoantibodies against neuroglial antigens
title_short Psychopathology of psychiatric patients presenting autoantibodies against neuroglial antigens
title_sort psychopathology of psychiatric patients presenting autoantibodies against neuroglial antigens
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9685427/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36440415
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.945549
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