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The Defensive Interactions of Prominent Infectious Protozoan Parasites: The Host’s Complement System
The complement system exerts crucial functions both in innate immune responses and adaptive humoral immunity. This pivotal system plays a major role dealing with pathogen invasions including protozoan parasites. Different pathogens including parasites have developed sophisticated strategies to defen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9687244/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36358913 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12111564 |
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author | Rashidi, Sajad Mansouri, Reza Ali-Hassanzadeh, Mohammad Muro, Antonio Nguewa, Paul Manzano-Román, Raúl |
author_facet | Rashidi, Sajad Mansouri, Reza Ali-Hassanzadeh, Mohammad Muro, Antonio Nguewa, Paul Manzano-Román, Raúl |
author_sort | Rashidi, Sajad |
collection | PubMed |
description | The complement system exerts crucial functions both in innate immune responses and adaptive humoral immunity. This pivotal system plays a major role dealing with pathogen invasions including protozoan parasites. Different pathogens including parasites have developed sophisticated strategies to defend themselves against complement killing. Some of these strategies include the employment, mimicking or inhibition of host’s complement regulatory proteins, leading to complement evasion. Therefore, parasites are proven to use the manipulation of the complement system to assist them during infection and persistence. Herein, we attempt to study the interaction´s mechanisms of some prominent infectious protozoan parasites including Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Trypanosoma, and Leishmania dealing with the complement system. Moreover, several crucial proteins that are expressed, recruited or hijacked by parasites and are involved in the modulation of the host´s complement system are selected and their role for efficient complement killing or lysis evasion is discussed. In addition, parasite’s complement regulatory proteins appear as plausible therapeutic and vaccine targets in protozoan parasitic infections. Accordingly, we also suggest some perspectives and insights useful in guiding future investigations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9687244 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96872442022-11-25 The Defensive Interactions of Prominent Infectious Protozoan Parasites: The Host’s Complement System Rashidi, Sajad Mansouri, Reza Ali-Hassanzadeh, Mohammad Muro, Antonio Nguewa, Paul Manzano-Román, Raúl Biomolecules Review The complement system exerts crucial functions both in innate immune responses and adaptive humoral immunity. This pivotal system plays a major role dealing with pathogen invasions including protozoan parasites. Different pathogens including parasites have developed sophisticated strategies to defend themselves against complement killing. Some of these strategies include the employment, mimicking or inhibition of host’s complement regulatory proteins, leading to complement evasion. Therefore, parasites are proven to use the manipulation of the complement system to assist them during infection and persistence. Herein, we attempt to study the interaction´s mechanisms of some prominent infectious protozoan parasites including Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Trypanosoma, and Leishmania dealing with the complement system. Moreover, several crucial proteins that are expressed, recruited or hijacked by parasites and are involved in the modulation of the host´s complement system are selected and their role for efficient complement killing or lysis evasion is discussed. In addition, parasite’s complement regulatory proteins appear as plausible therapeutic and vaccine targets in protozoan parasitic infections. Accordingly, we also suggest some perspectives and insights useful in guiding future investigations. MDPI 2022-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9687244/ /pubmed/36358913 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12111564 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Rashidi, Sajad Mansouri, Reza Ali-Hassanzadeh, Mohammad Muro, Antonio Nguewa, Paul Manzano-Román, Raúl The Defensive Interactions of Prominent Infectious Protozoan Parasites: The Host’s Complement System |
title | The Defensive Interactions of Prominent Infectious Protozoan Parasites: The Host’s Complement System |
title_full | The Defensive Interactions of Prominent Infectious Protozoan Parasites: The Host’s Complement System |
title_fullStr | The Defensive Interactions of Prominent Infectious Protozoan Parasites: The Host’s Complement System |
title_full_unstemmed | The Defensive Interactions of Prominent Infectious Protozoan Parasites: The Host’s Complement System |
title_short | The Defensive Interactions of Prominent Infectious Protozoan Parasites: The Host’s Complement System |
title_sort | defensive interactions of prominent infectious protozoan parasites: the host’s complement system |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9687244/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36358913 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12111564 |
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