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Empirical Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Using Facial Images by Improved Transfer Learning Approach

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological illness characterized by deficits in cognition, physical activities, and social skills. There is no specific medication to treat this illness; only early intervention can improve brain functionality. Since there is no medical test to identify ASD, a d...

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Autores principales: Alam, Md Shafiul, Rashid, Muhammad Mahbubur, Roy, Rupal, Faizabadi, Ahmed Rimaz, Gupta, Kishor Datta, Ahsan, Md Manjurul
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9687350/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36421111
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9110710
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author Alam, Md Shafiul
Rashid, Muhammad Mahbubur
Roy, Rupal
Faizabadi, Ahmed Rimaz
Gupta, Kishor Datta
Ahsan, Md Manjurul
author_facet Alam, Md Shafiul
Rashid, Muhammad Mahbubur
Roy, Rupal
Faizabadi, Ahmed Rimaz
Gupta, Kishor Datta
Ahsan, Md Manjurul
author_sort Alam, Md Shafiul
collection PubMed
description Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological illness characterized by deficits in cognition, physical activities, and social skills. There is no specific medication to treat this illness; only early intervention can improve brain functionality. Since there is no medical test to identify ASD, a diagnosis might be challenging. In order to determine a diagnosis, doctors consider the child’s behavior and developmental history. The human face can be used as a biomarker as it is one of the potential reflections of the brain and thus can be used as a simple and handy tool for early diagnosis. This study uses several deep convolutional neural network (CNN)-based transfer learning approaches to detect autistic children using the facial image. An empirical study is conducted to select the best optimizer and set of hyperparameters to achieve better prediction accuracy using the CNN model. After training and validating with the optimized setting, the modified Xception model demonstrates the best performance by achieving an accuracy of 95% on the test set, whereas the VGG19, ResNet50V2, MobileNetV2, and EfficientNetB0 achieved 86.5%, 94%, 92%, and 85.8%, accuracy, respectively. Our preliminary computational results demonstrate that our transfer learning approaches outperformed existing methods. Our modified model can be employed to assist doctors and practitioners in validating their initial screening to detect children with ASD disease.
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spelling pubmed-96873502022-11-25 Empirical Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Using Facial Images by Improved Transfer Learning Approach Alam, Md Shafiul Rashid, Muhammad Mahbubur Roy, Rupal Faizabadi, Ahmed Rimaz Gupta, Kishor Datta Ahsan, Md Manjurul Bioengineering (Basel) Article Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological illness characterized by deficits in cognition, physical activities, and social skills. There is no specific medication to treat this illness; only early intervention can improve brain functionality. Since there is no medical test to identify ASD, a diagnosis might be challenging. In order to determine a diagnosis, doctors consider the child’s behavior and developmental history. The human face can be used as a biomarker as it is one of the potential reflections of the brain and thus can be used as a simple and handy tool for early diagnosis. This study uses several deep convolutional neural network (CNN)-based transfer learning approaches to detect autistic children using the facial image. An empirical study is conducted to select the best optimizer and set of hyperparameters to achieve better prediction accuracy using the CNN model. After training and validating with the optimized setting, the modified Xception model demonstrates the best performance by achieving an accuracy of 95% on the test set, whereas the VGG19, ResNet50V2, MobileNetV2, and EfficientNetB0 achieved 86.5%, 94%, 92%, and 85.8%, accuracy, respectively. Our preliminary computational results demonstrate that our transfer learning approaches outperformed existing methods. Our modified model can be employed to assist doctors and practitioners in validating their initial screening to detect children with ASD disease. MDPI 2022-11-18 /pmc/articles/PMC9687350/ /pubmed/36421111 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9110710 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Alam, Md Shafiul
Rashid, Muhammad Mahbubur
Roy, Rupal
Faizabadi, Ahmed Rimaz
Gupta, Kishor Datta
Ahsan, Md Manjurul
Empirical Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Using Facial Images by Improved Transfer Learning Approach
title Empirical Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Using Facial Images by Improved Transfer Learning Approach
title_full Empirical Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Using Facial Images by Improved Transfer Learning Approach
title_fullStr Empirical Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Using Facial Images by Improved Transfer Learning Approach
title_full_unstemmed Empirical Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Using Facial Images by Improved Transfer Learning Approach
title_short Empirical Study of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Using Facial Images by Improved Transfer Learning Approach
title_sort empirical study of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis using facial images by improved transfer learning approach
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9687350/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36421111
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9110710
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