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Effects of Ingroup Identification on Ingroup Favouritism during Fairness Norm Enforcement
People tend to voluntarily sacrifice their own interests to reject unfair proposals, and this behaviour is affected by group affiliation. While group bias is a well-established phenomenon, its direction is still unclear, and little attention has been given to possible moderating factors. In two stud...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9687485/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36354392 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12110415 |
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author | Zhang, Zhen Su, Hanli Li, Menghui Zhao, Hui Qi, Chunhui |
author_facet | Zhang, Zhen Su, Hanli Li, Menghui Zhao, Hui Qi, Chunhui |
author_sort | Zhang, Zhen |
collection | PubMed |
description | People tend to voluntarily sacrifice their own interests to reject unfair proposals, and this behaviour is affected by group affiliation. While group bias is a well-established phenomenon, its direction is still unclear, and little attention has been given to possible moderating factors. In two studies, we manipulate participants’ ingroup identification and investigate whether and how individuals with various levels of ingroup identification react differently to unfairness from ingroups and outgroups during an incentivized (Study 1, N = 46) and hypothetical (Study 2, N = 332) ultimatum game. The results show that participants display a strong preference for their own group. High identifiers tend to accept unfair proposals from ingroups compared to outgroups, whereas this effect is nonsignificant for low identifiers, especially for moderately unfair treatment (offer 7:3). Moreover, higher identification tends to be accompanied by higher ingroup positive expectation, which then leads to greater ingroup favouritism for an offer of 7:3. These results imply that ingroup identification can enhance group favouritism during fairness norm enforcement through ingroup positive expectation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9687485 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96874852022-11-25 Effects of Ingroup Identification on Ingroup Favouritism during Fairness Norm Enforcement Zhang, Zhen Su, Hanli Li, Menghui Zhao, Hui Qi, Chunhui Behav Sci (Basel) Article People tend to voluntarily sacrifice their own interests to reject unfair proposals, and this behaviour is affected by group affiliation. While group bias is a well-established phenomenon, its direction is still unclear, and little attention has been given to possible moderating factors. In two studies, we manipulate participants’ ingroup identification and investigate whether and how individuals with various levels of ingroup identification react differently to unfairness from ingroups and outgroups during an incentivized (Study 1, N = 46) and hypothetical (Study 2, N = 332) ultimatum game. The results show that participants display a strong preference for their own group. High identifiers tend to accept unfair proposals from ingroups compared to outgroups, whereas this effect is nonsignificant for low identifiers, especially for moderately unfair treatment (offer 7:3). Moreover, higher identification tends to be accompanied by higher ingroup positive expectation, which then leads to greater ingroup favouritism for an offer of 7:3. These results imply that ingroup identification can enhance group favouritism during fairness norm enforcement through ingroup positive expectation. MDPI 2022-10-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9687485/ /pubmed/36354392 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12110415 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Zhang, Zhen Su, Hanli Li, Menghui Zhao, Hui Qi, Chunhui Effects of Ingroup Identification on Ingroup Favouritism during Fairness Norm Enforcement |
title | Effects of Ingroup Identification on Ingroup Favouritism during Fairness Norm Enforcement |
title_full | Effects of Ingroup Identification on Ingroup Favouritism during Fairness Norm Enforcement |
title_fullStr | Effects of Ingroup Identification on Ingroup Favouritism during Fairness Norm Enforcement |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Ingroup Identification on Ingroup Favouritism during Fairness Norm Enforcement |
title_short | Effects of Ingroup Identification on Ingroup Favouritism during Fairness Norm Enforcement |
title_sort | effects of ingroup identification on ingroup favouritism during fairness norm enforcement |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9687485/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36354392 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12110415 |
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