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Implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable London residents: a difference-in-difference study in London, UK
BACKGROUND: The UK COVID-19 vaccination programme began in December, 2020. By February, 2021, eight North West London Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) had the lowest vaccination rates nationally. This study evaluated the impact of behavioural science-informed (BI) letters on vaccination uptake....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Ltd.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9691047/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36929986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02251-6 |
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author | Huf, Sarah W Woldmann, Lena Crespo, Roberto Fernandez Grailey, Kate Hassanpourfard, Bahram Chisambi, Matthew Black, Kirstie Nguyen, Joe Klaber, Bob Darzi, Ara |
author_facet | Huf, Sarah W Woldmann, Lena Crespo, Roberto Fernandez Grailey, Kate Hassanpourfard, Bahram Chisambi, Matthew Black, Kirstie Nguyen, Joe Klaber, Bob Darzi, Ara |
author_sort | Huf, Sarah W |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The UK COVID-19 vaccination programme began in December, 2020. By February, 2021, eight North West London Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) had the lowest vaccination rates nationally. This study evaluated the impact of behavioural science-informed (BI) letters on vaccination uptake. METHODS: Unvaccinated residents of the Central London CCG who were deemed uncontactable (through text messaging and phone calls) were identified with the whole systems integrated care database. BI letters were sent to residents in the intervention CCG between May and June, 2021. Three neighbouring CCGs in London with similar non-responder data were used as control groups. A linear difference-in-difference analysis was undertaken to assess change in vaccine uptake rate across all four CCGs. Percentage point change was adjusted for selected covariates including ethnicity, age, gender, and index of multiple deprivation (IMD) quintiles. Approval was obtained from the quality improvement and audit office of Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (London, UK). FINDINGS: Within the intervention Central London CCG, 10 161 residents received the BI letter. The control CCGs contained 27 383 uncontactable residents. All CCGs showed an increase in vaccination rates in this population. The linear difference-in-difference analysis showed an increase in vaccination uptake in the intervention CCG (relative change 31·9% (95% CI 30·5–33·3; p<0·0001). Residents in IMD quintile 5 (least deprived) showed the largest rate of change (4·1%; p<0·0001). Residents with a mixed or multiple ethnic background were less likely to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (–4·1%, p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION: BI letters improved the rate of vaccine uptake. The percentage point increase of 31·9% equates to 436 additional previously uncontactable residents being vaccinated. Our data highlighted differences in the effect of BI-informed interventions in population subgroups. BI letters are a cost-effective and trusted communication tool, effectively engaging residents where other communication strategies did not work. FUNDING: None. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9691047 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96910472022-11-25 Implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable London residents: a difference-in-difference study in London, UK Huf, Sarah W Woldmann, Lena Crespo, Roberto Fernandez Grailey, Kate Hassanpourfard, Bahram Chisambi, Matthew Black, Kirstie Nguyen, Joe Klaber, Bob Darzi, Ara Lancet Meeting Abstracts BACKGROUND: The UK COVID-19 vaccination programme began in December, 2020. By February, 2021, eight North West London Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) had the lowest vaccination rates nationally. This study evaluated the impact of behavioural science-informed (BI) letters on vaccination uptake. METHODS: Unvaccinated residents of the Central London CCG who were deemed uncontactable (through text messaging and phone calls) were identified with the whole systems integrated care database. BI letters were sent to residents in the intervention CCG between May and June, 2021. Three neighbouring CCGs in London with similar non-responder data were used as control groups. A linear difference-in-difference analysis was undertaken to assess change in vaccine uptake rate across all four CCGs. Percentage point change was adjusted for selected covariates including ethnicity, age, gender, and index of multiple deprivation (IMD) quintiles. Approval was obtained from the quality improvement and audit office of Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (London, UK). FINDINGS: Within the intervention Central London CCG, 10 161 residents received the BI letter. The control CCGs contained 27 383 uncontactable residents. All CCGs showed an increase in vaccination rates in this population. The linear difference-in-difference analysis showed an increase in vaccination uptake in the intervention CCG (relative change 31·9% (95% CI 30·5–33·3; p<0·0001). Residents in IMD quintile 5 (least deprived) showed the largest rate of change (4·1%; p<0·0001). Residents with a mixed or multiple ethnic background were less likely to receive a COVID-19 vaccine (–4·1%, p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION: BI letters improved the rate of vaccine uptake. The percentage point increase of 31·9% equates to 436 additional previously uncontactable residents being vaccinated. Our data highlighted differences in the effect of BI-informed interventions in population subgroups. BI letters are a cost-effective and trusted communication tool, effectively engaging residents where other communication strategies did not work. FUNDING: None. Elsevier Ltd. 2022-11 2022-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9691047/ /pubmed/36929986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02251-6 Text en Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Meeting Abstracts Huf, Sarah W Woldmann, Lena Crespo, Roberto Fernandez Grailey, Kate Hassanpourfard, Bahram Chisambi, Matthew Black, Kirstie Nguyen, Joe Klaber, Bob Darzi, Ara Implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable London residents: a difference-in-difference study in London, UK |
title | Implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable London residents: a difference-in-difference study in London, UK |
title_full | Implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable London residents: a difference-in-difference study in London, UK |
title_fullStr | Implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable London residents: a difference-in-difference study in London, UK |
title_full_unstemmed | Implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable London residents: a difference-in-difference study in London, UK |
title_short | Implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable London residents: a difference-in-difference study in London, UK |
title_sort | implementing behavioural science informed letter interventions to increase covid-19 vaccination uptake in uncontactable london residents: a difference-in-difference study in london, uk |
topic | Meeting Abstracts |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9691047/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36929986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02251-6 |
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