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Spatiotemporal image quality of virtual reality head mounted displays

Virtual reality (VR) head mounted displays (HMDs) require both high spatial resolution and fast temporal response. However, methods to quantify the VR image quality in the spatiotemporal domain when motion exists are not yet standardized. In this study, we characterize the spatiotemporal capabilitie...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Zhao, Chumin, Kim, Andrea S., Beams, Ryan, Badano, Aldo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9691731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36424434
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24345-9
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author Zhao, Chumin
Kim, Andrea S.
Beams, Ryan
Badano, Aldo
author_facet Zhao, Chumin
Kim, Andrea S.
Beams, Ryan
Badano, Aldo
author_sort Zhao, Chumin
collection PubMed
description Virtual reality (VR) head mounted displays (HMDs) require both high spatial resolution and fast temporal response. However, methods to quantify the VR image quality in the spatiotemporal domain when motion exists are not yet standardized. In this study, we characterize the spatiotemporal capabilities of three VR devices: the HTC VIVE, VIVE Pro, and VIVE Pro 2 during smooth pursuit. A spatiotemporal model for VR HMDs is presented using measured spatial and temporal characteristics. Among the three evaluated headsets, the VIVE Pro 2 improves the display temporal performance using a fast 120 Hz refresh rate and pulsed emission with a small duty cycle of 5%. In combination with a high pixel resolution beyond 2 k [Formula: see text] 2 k per eye, the VIVE Pro 2 achieves an improved spatiotemporal performance compared to the VIVE and VIVE Pro in the high spatial frequency range above 8 cycles per degree during smooth pursuit. The result demonstrates that reducing the display emission duty cycle to less than 20% is beneficial to mitigate motion blur in VR HMDs. Frame rate reduction (e.g., to below 60 Hz) of the input signal compared to the display refresh rate of 120 Hz yields replicated shadow images that can affect the image quality under motion. This work supports the regulatory science research efforts in development of testing methods to characterize the spatiotemporal performance of VR devices for medical use.
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spelling pubmed-96917312022-11-26 Spatiotemporal image quality of virtual reality head mounted displays Zhao, Chumin Kim, Andrea S. Beams, Ryan Badano, Aldo Sci Rep Article Virtual reality (VR) head mounted displays (HMDs) require both high spatial resolution and fast temporal response. However, methods to quantify the VR image quality in the spatiotemporal domain when motion exists are not yet standardized. In this study, we characterize the spatiotemporal capabilities of three VR devices: the HTC VIVE, VIVE Pro, and VIVE Pro 2 during smooth pursuit. A spatiotemporal model for VR HMDs is presented using measured spatial and temporal characteristics. Among the three evaluated headsets, the VIVE Pro 2 improves the display temporal performance using a fast 120 Hz refresh rate and pulsed emission with a small duty cycle of 5%. In combination with a high pixel resolution beyond 2 k [Formula: see text] 2 k per eye, the VIVE Pro 2 achieves an improved spatiotemporal performance compared to the VIVE and VIVE Pro in the high spatial frequency range above 8 cycles per degree during smooth pursuit. The result demonstrates that reducing the display emission duty cycle to less than 20% is beneficial to mitigate motion blur in VR HMDs. Frame rate reduction (e.g., to below 60 Hz) of the input signal compared to the display refresh rate of 120 Hz yields replicated shadow images that can affect the image quality under motion. This work supports the regulatory science research efforts in development of testing methods to characterize the spatiotemporal performance of VR devices for medical use. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC9691731/ /pubmed/36424434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24345-9 Text en © This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Zhao, Chumin
Kim, Andrea S.
Beams, Ryan
Badano, Aldo
Spatiotemporal image quality of virtual reality head mounted displays
title Spatiotemporal image quality of virtual reality head mounted displays
title_full Spatiotemporal image quality of virtual reality head mounted displays
title_fullStr Spatiotemporal image quality of virtual reality head mounted displays
title_full_unstemmed Spatiotemporal image quality of virtual reality head mounted displays
title_short Spatiotemporal image quality of virtual reality head mounted displays
title_sort spatiotemporal image quality of virtual reality head mounted displays
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9691731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36424434
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24345-9
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