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Association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and mortality: A 10-year analysis
There is inconclusive evidence of the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. To investigate the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and all-cause and cardiovascu...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9691953/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36438773 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1053585 |
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author | Kwon, Yu-Jin Lee, Hye Sun Park, Goeun Lee, Ji-Won |
author_facet | Kwon, Yu-Jin Lee, Hye Sun Park, Goeun Lee, Ji-Won |
author_sort | Kwon, Yu-Jin |
collection | PubMed |
description | There is inconclusive evidence of the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. To investigate the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality risks. Data from 143,050 adult participants were analyzed from prospective 10-year community-based cohort analysis. Dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio at baseline were assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. In Cox proportional hazards regression models, the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and their ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality was estimated using hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals, and their predictive ability as mortality predictors was evaluated using Harrell’s c-index. During the mean (range) 10.1 (0.2–15.9) years of follow-up, 5,436 participants died, of whom 985 died of cardiovascular causes. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, alcohol intake, smoking, regular exercise, total calorie intake, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney diseases (CKDs), and potassium or sodium intake, respectively, sodium intake was unassociated with all-cause mortality whereas potassium intake was significantly associated inversely with all-cause (Quintile-5 vs. Quintile-1, hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval, 1.09, 0.97–1.22, and 0.79, 0.69–0.91, respectively). The sodium-to-potassium ratio was not significantly associated with all-cause mortality in the adjusted model, and similar trends were observed for cardiovascular disease mortality. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9691953 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96919532022-11-26 Association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and mortality: A 10-year analysis Kwon, Yu-Jin Lee, Hye Sun Park, Goeun Lee, Ji-Won Front Nutr Nutrition There is inconclusive evidence of the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. To investigate the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality risks. Data from 143,050 adult participants were analyzed from prospective 10-year community-based cohort analysis. Dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio at baseline were assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. In Cox proportional hazards regression models, the association between dietary sodium, potassium, and their ratio and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality was estimated using hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals, and their predictive ability as mortality predictors was evaluated using Harrell’s c-index. During the mean (range) 10.1 (0.2–15.9) years of follow-up, 5,436 participants died, of whom 985 died of cardiovascular causes. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, alcohol intake, smoking, regular exercise, total calorie intake, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney diseases (CKDs), and potassium or sodium intake, respectively, sodium intake was unassociated with all-cause mortality whereas potassium intake was significantly associated inversely with all-cause (Quintile-5 vs. Quintile-1, hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval, 1.09, 0.97–1.22, and 0.79, 0.69–0.91, respectively). The sodium-to-potassium ratio was not significantly associated with all-cause mortality in the adjusted model, and similar trends were observed for cardiovascular disease mortality. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9691953/ /pubmed/36438773 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1053585 Text en Copyright © 2022 Kwon, Lee, Park and Lee. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition Kwon, Yu-Jin Lee, Hye Sun Park, Goeun Lee, Ji-Won Association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and mortality: A 10-year analysis |
title | Association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and mortality: A 10-year analysis |
title_full | Association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and mortality: A 10-year analysis |
title_fullStr | Association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and mortality: A 10-year analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and mortality: A 10-year analysis |
title_short | Association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and mortality: A 10-year analysis |
title_sort | association between dietary sodium, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio and mortality: a 10-year analysis |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9691953/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36438773 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1053585 |
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