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Does Domestication Affect Structural and Functional Leaf Epidermal Traits? A Comparison between Wild and Cultivated Mexican Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum)
During domestication, lineages diverge phenotypically and genetically from wild relatives, particularly in preferred traits. In addition to evolutionary divergence in selected traits, other fitness-related traits that are unselected may change in concert. For instance, the selection of chili pepper...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9692241/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36432791 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223062 |
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author | Serrano-Mejía, Carlos Bello-Bedoy, Rafael Arteaga, María Clara Castillo, Guillermo R. |
author_facet | Serrano-Mejía, Carlos Bello-Bedoy, Rafael Arteaga, María Clara Castillo, Guillermo R. |
author_sort | Serrano-Mejía, Carlos |
collection | PubMed |
description | During domestication, lineages diverge phenotypically and genetically from wild relatives, particularly in preferred traits. In addition to evolutionary divergence in selected traits, other fitness-related traits that are unselected may change in concert. For instance, the selection of chili pepper fruits was not intended to change the structure and function of the leaf epidermis. Leaf stomata and trichome densities play a prominent role in regulating stomatal conductance and resistance to herbivores. Here, we assessed whether domestication affected leaf epidermis structure and function in Capsicum annuum. To do this, we compared leaf stomata and trichome densities in six cultivated varieties of Mexican Capsicum annuum and their wild relative. We measured stomatal conductance and resistance to herbivores. Resistance to (defense against) herbivores was measured as variation in the herbivory rate and larvae mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda fed with leaves of wild and cultivated plants. As expected, the different varieties displayed low divergence in stomatal density and conductance. Leaf trichome density was higher in the wild relative, but variation was not correlated with the herbivory rate. In contrast, a higher mortality rate of S. frugiperda larvae was recorded when fed with the wild relative and two varieties than larvae fed with four other varieties. Overall, although domestication did not aim at resistance to herbivores, this evolutionary process produced concerted changes in defensive traits. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9692241 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96922412022-11-26 Does Domestication Affect Structural and Functional Leaf Epidermal Traits? A Comparison between Wild and Cultivated Mexican Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum) Serrano-Mejía, Carlos Bello-Bedoy, Rafael Arteaga, María Clara Castillo, Guillermo R. Plants (Basel) Article During domestication, lineages diverge phenotypically and genetically from wild relatives, particularly in preferred traits. In addition to evolutionary divergence in selected traits, other fitness-related traits that are unselected may change in concert. For instance, the selection of chili pepper fruits was not intended to change the structure and function of the leaf epidermis. Leaf stomata and trichome densities play a prominent role in regulating stomatal conductance and resistance to herbivores. Here, we assessed whether domestication affected leaf epidermis structure and function in Capsicum annuum. To do this, we compared leaf stomata and trichome densities in six cultivated varieties of Mexican Capsicum annuum and their wild relative. We measured stomatal conductance and resistance to herbivores. Resistance to (defense against) herbivores was measured as variation in the herbivory rate and larvae mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda fed with leaves of wild and cultivated plants. As expected, the different varieties displayed low divergence in stomatal density and conductance. Leaf trichome density was higher in the wild relative, but variation was not correlated with the herbivory rate. In contrast, a higher mortality rate of S. frugiperda larvae was recorded when fed with the wild relative and two varieties than larvae fed with four other varieties. Overall, although domestication did not aim at resistance to herbivores, this evolutionary process produced concerted changes in defensive traits. MDPI 2022-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9692241/ /pubmed/36432791 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223062 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Serrano-Mejía, Carlos Bello-Bedoy, Rafael Arteaga, María Clara Castillo, Guillermo R. Does Domestication Affect Structural and Functional Leaf Epidermal Traits? A Comparison between Wild and Cultivated Mexican Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum) |
title | Does Domestication Affect Structural and Functional Leaf Epidermal Traits? A Comparison between Wild and Cultivated Mexican Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum) |
title_full | Does Domestication Affect Structural and Functional Leaf Epidermal Traits? A Comparison between Wild and Cultivated Mexican Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum) |
title_fullStr | Does Domestication Affect Structural and Functional Leaf Epidermal Traits? A Comparison between Wild and Cultivated Mexican Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum) |
title_full_unstemmed | Does Domestication Affect Structural and Functional Leaf Epidermal Traits? A Comparison between Wild and Cultivated Mexican Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum) |
title_short | Does Domestication Affect Structural and Functional Leaf Epidermal Traits? A Comparison between Wild and Cultivated Mexican Chili Peppers (Capsicum annuum) |
title_sort | does domestication affect structural and functional leaf epidermal traits? a comparison between wild and cultivated mexican chili peppers (capsicum annuum) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9692241/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36432791 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223062 |
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