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Pharmacokinetics of Phenprocoumon in Emergency Situations–Results of the Prospective Observational RADOA-Registry (Reversal Agent Use in Patients Treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists Registry)
Background: Phenprocoumon has been used as an oral anticoagulant in patients with thromboembolic disease for more than 40 years. So far its pharmacokinetics have not been analyzed in emergency situations. Methods: Phenprocoumon-treated patients with major bleeding or urgent surgery were included in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9692621/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36422567 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15111437 |
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author | Lindhoff-Last, Edelgard Birschmann, Ingvild Bidenharn, Antonia J. Kuhn, Joachim Lindau, Simone Konstantinides, Stavros Grottke, Oliver Nowak-Göttl, Ulrike Lucks, Jessica Zydek, Barbara von Heymann, Christian Sümnig, Ariane Beyer-Westendorf, Jan Schellong, Sebastian Meybohm, Patrick Greinacher, Andreas Herrmann, Eva |
author_facet | Lindhoff-Last, Edelgard Birschmann, Ingvild Bidenharn, Antonia J. Kuhn, Joachim Lindau, Simone Konstantinides, Stavros Grottke, Oliver Nowak-Göttl, Ulrike Lucks, Jessica Zydek, Barbara von Heymann, Christian Sümnig, Ariane Beyer-Westendorf, Jan Schellong, Sebastian Meybohm, Patrick Greinacher, Andreas Herrmann, Eva |
author_sort | Lindhoff-Last, Edelgard |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Phenprocoumon has been used as an oral anticoagulant in patients with thromboembolic disease for more than 40 years. So far its pharmacokinetics have not been analyzed in emergency situations. Methods: Phenprocoumon-treated patients with major bleeding or urgent surgery were included in a prospective, observational registry. Phenprocoumon drug concentrations were analyzed in samples, collected as part of routine care using ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Moreover, anticoagulant intensity and drug half-life (t1/2) were calculated. Results: 115 patients were included. Phenprocoumon levels declined over time with a half-life of 5.27 and 5.29 days in patients with major bleedings (n = 82) and with urgent surgery (n = 33). Baseline phenprocoumon levels were 2.2 times higher in the bleeding group compared to the surgery group (1.92 vs. 0.87 ng/mL, p < 0.0001). International normalized ratio (INR) values decreased rapidly during the first 24 h. In 27.6% of patients a rebound of INR (recurrent increase > 1.5) was observed which was associated with significantly increased bleeding rates (22% vs. 4.2% in patients with or without INR rebound, p = 0.012). Conclusions: In emergency situations, the long half-life of phenprocoumon may cause INR rebound and associated recurrent bleedings. Optimal management may need to include repeated vitamin K supplementation over days. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9692621 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96926212022-11-26 Pharmacokinetics of Phenprocoumon in Emergency Situations–Results of the Prospective Observational RADOA-Registry (Reversal Agent Use in Patients Treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists Registry) Lindhoff-Last, Edelgard Birschmann, Ingvild Bidenharn, Antonia J. Kuhn, Joachim Lindau, Simone Konstantinides, Stavros Grottke, Oliver Nowak-Göttl, Ulrike Lucks, Jessica Zydek, Barbara von Heymann, Christian Sümnig, Ariane Beyer-Westendorf, Jan Schellong, Sebastian Meybohm, Patrick Greinacher, Andreas Herrmann, Eva Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Article Background: Phenprocoumon has been used as an oral anticoagulant in patients with thromboembolic disease for more than 40 years. So far its pharmacokinetics have not been analyzed in emergency situations. Methods: Phenprocoumon-treated patients with major bleeding or urgent surgery were included in a prospective, observational registry. Phenprocoumon drug concentrations were analyzed in samples, collected as part of routine care using ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Moreover, anticoagulant intensity and drug half-life (t1/2) were calculated. Results: 115 patients were included. Phenprocoumon levels declined over time with a half-life of 5.27 and 5.29 days in patients with major bleedings (n = 82) and with urgent surgery (n = 33). Baseline phenprocoumon levels were 2.2 times higher in the bleeding group compared to the surgery group (1.92 vs. 0.87 ng/mL, p < 0.0001). International normalized ratio (INR) values decreased rapidly during the first 24 h. In 27.6% of patients a rebound of INR (recurrent increase > 1.5) was observed which was associated with significantly increased bleeding rates (22% vs. 4.2% in patients with or without INR rebound, p = 0.012). Conclusions: In emergency situations, the long half-life of phenprocoumon may cause INR rebound and associated recurrent bleedings. Optimal management may need to include repeated vitamin K supplementation over days. MDPI 2022-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9692621/ /pubmed/36422567 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15111437 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lindhoff-Last, Edelgard Birschmann, Ingvild Bidenharn, Antonia J. Kuhn, Joachim Lindau, Simone Konstantinides, Stavros Grottke, Oliver Nowak-Göttl, Ulrike Lucks, Jessica Zydek, Barbara von Heymann, Christian Sümnig, Ariane Beyer-Westendorf, Jan Schellong, Sebastian Meybohm, Patrick Greinacher, Andreas Herrmann, Eva Pharmacokinetics of Phenprocoumon in Emergency Situations–Results of the Prospective Observational RADOA-Registry (Reversal Agent Use in Patients Treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists Registry) |
title | Pharmacokinetics of Phenprocoumon in Emergency Situations–Results of the Prospective Observational RADOA-Registry (Reversal Agent Use in Patients Treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists Registry) |
title_full | Pharmacokinetics of Phenprocoumon in Emergency Situations–Results of the Prospective Observational RADOA-Registry (Reversal Agent Use in Patients Treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists Registry) |
title_fullStr | Pharmacokinetics of Phenprocoumon in Emergency Situations–Results of the Prospective Observational RADOA-Registry (Reversal Agent Use in Patients Treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists Registry) |
title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacokinetics of Phenprocoumon in Emergency Situations–Results of the Prospective Observational RADOA-Registry (Reversal Agent Use in Patients Treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists Registry) |
title_short | Pharmacokinetics of Phenprocoumon in Emergency Situations–Results of the Prospective Observational RADOA-Registry (Reversal Agent Use in Patients Treated with Direct Oral Anticoagulants or Vitamin K Antagonists Registry) |
title_sort | pharmacokinetics of phenprocoumon in emergency situations–results of the prospective observational radoa-registry (reversal agent use in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants or vitamin k antagonists registry) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9692621/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36422567 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15111437 |
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