Breakage Ratio of Silicon Wafer during Fixed Diamond Wire Sawing

Monocrystalline silicon is an important material for processing electronic and photovoltaic devices. The fixed diamond wire sawing technology is the first key technology for monocrystalline silicon wafer processing. A systematic study of the relationship between the fracture strength, stress and breakage rate is the basis for thinning silicon wafers. The external vibration excitation of sawing machine and diamond wire lead to the transverse vibration and longitudinal vibration for silicon wafers. The transverse vibration is the main reason of wafer breakage. In this paper, a mathematical model for calculating breakage ratio of silicon wafer is established. The maximum stress and breakage ratio for as-sawn silicon wafers are studied. It is found that the maximum amplitude of the silicon wafers with the size of 156 mm × 156 mm × 0.2 mm was 160 μm during the diamond wire sawing process. The amplitude, maximum stress and breakage rate of the wafers increased with the increase of the cutting depth. The smaller the silicon wafer thickness, the larger of silicon wafer breakage ratio. In the sawing stage, the breakage ratio of the 156 mm × 156 mm section with a thickness of 0.15 mm of silicon wafers is 6%.