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Inhibitory Effect of Select Nitrocompounds and Chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae In Vitro
Yersinia ruckeri is an important fish pathogen causing enteric redmouth disease. Antibiotics have traditionally been used to control this pathogen, but concerns of antibiotic resistance have created a need for alternative interventions. Presently, chlorate and certain nitrocompounds were tested agai...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9693156/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36422632 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111381 |
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author | Latham, Elizabeth A. Anderson, Robin C. Wottlin, Lauren R. Poole, Toni L. Crippen, Tawni L. Schlosser, Wayne D. Harvey, Roger B. Hume, Michael E. |
author_facet | Latham, Elizabeth A. Anderson, Robin C. Wottlin, Lauren R. Poole, Toni L. Crippen, Tawni L. Schlosser, Wayne D. Harvey, Roger B. Hume, Michael E. |
author_sort | Latham, Elizabeth A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Yersinia ruckeri is an important fish pathogen causing enteric redmouth disease. Antibiotics have traditionally been used to control this pathogen, but concerns of antibiotic resistance have created a need for alternative interventions. Presently, chlorate and certain nitrocompounds were tested against Y. ruckeri as well as a related species within the genus, Y. aleksiciae, to assess the effects of these inhibitors. The results reveal that 9 mM chlorate had no inhibitory effect against Y. ruckeri, but inhibited growth rates and maximum optical densities of Y. aleksciciae by 20–25% from those of untreated controls (0.46 h(−1) and 0.29 maximum optical density, respectively). The results further reveal that 2-nitropropanol and 2-nitroethanol (9 mM) eliminated the growth of both Y. ruckeri and Y. aleksiciae during anaerobic or aerobic culture. Nitroethane, ethyl nitroacetate and ethyl-2-nitropropionate (9 mM) were less inhibitory when tested similarly. Results from a mixed culture of Y. ruckeri with fish tank microbes and of Y. aleksiciae with porcine fecal microbes reveal that the anti-Yersinia activity of the tested nitrocompounds was bactericidal, with 2-nitropropanol and 2-nitroethanol being more potent than the other tested nitrocompounds. The anti-Yersinia activity observed with these tested compounds warrants further study to elucidate the mechanisms of action and strategies for their practical application. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9693156 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96931562022-11-26 Inhibitory Effect of Select Nitrocompounds and Chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae In Vitro Latham, Elizabeth A. Anderson, Robin C. Wottlin, Lauren R. Poole, Toni L. Crippen, Tawni L. Schlosser, Wayne D. Harvey, Roger B. Hume, Michael E. Pathogens Article Yersinia ruckeri is an important fish pathogen causing enteric redmouth disease. Antibiotics have traditionally been used to control this pathogen, but concerns of antibiotic resistance have created a need for alternative interventions. Presently, chlorate and certain nitrocompounds were tested against Y. ruckeri as well as a related species within the genus, Y. aleksiciae, to assess the effects of these inhibitors. The results reveal that 9 mM chlorate had no inhibitory effect against Y. ruckeri, but inhibited growth rates and maximum optical densities of Y. aleksciciae by 20–25% from those of untreated controls (0.46 h(−1) and 0.29 maximum optical density, respectively). The results further reveal that 2-nitropropanol and 2-nitroethanol (9 mM) eliminated the growth of both Y. ruckeri and Y. aleksiciae during anaerobic or aerobic culture. Nitroethane, ethyl nitroacetate and ethyl-2-nitropropionate (9 mM) were less inhibitory when tested similarly. Results from a mixed culture of Y. ruckeri with fish tank microbes and of Y. aleksiciae with porcine fecal microbes reveal that the anti-Yersinia activity of the tested nitrocompounds was bactericidal, with 2-nitropropanol and 2-nitroethanol being more potent than the other tested nitrocompounds. The anti-Yersinia activity observed with these tested compounds warrants further study to elucidate the mechanisms of action and strategies for their practical application. MDPI 2022-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9693156/ /pubmed/36422632 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111381 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Latham, Elizabeth A. Anderson, Robin C. Wottlin, Lauren R. Poole, Toni L. Crippen, Tawni L. Schlosser, Wayne D. Harvey, Roger B. Hume, Michael E. Inhibitory Effect of Select Nitrocompounds and Chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae In Vitro |
title | Inhibitory Effect of Select Nitrocompounds and Chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae In Vitro |
title_full | Inhibitory Effect of Select Nitrocompounds and Chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae In Vitro |
title_fullStr | Inhibitory Effect of Select Nitrocompounds and Chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae In Vitro |
title_full_unstemmed | Inhibitory Effect of Select Nitrocompounds and Chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae In Vitro |
title_short | Inhibitory Effect of Select Nitrocompounds and Chlorate against Yersinia ruckeri and Yersinia aleksiciae In Vitro |
title_sort | inhibitory effect of select nitrocompounds and chlorate against yersinia ruckeri and yersinia aleksiciae in vitro |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9693156/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36422632 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11111381 |
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