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The “Big Six”: Hidden Emerging Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens

Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are emerging serogroups that often result in diseases ranging from diarrhea to severe hemorrhagic colitis in humans. The most common non-O157 STEC are O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145. These serogroups are known by the name “big six” because...

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Autores principales: Alharbi, Mona G., Al-Hindi, Rashad R., Esmael, Ahmed, Alotibi, Ibrahim A., Azhari, Sheren A., Alseghayer, Mazen S., Teklemariam, Addisu D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9693546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36355898
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7110356
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author Alharbi, Mona G.
Al-Hindi, Rashad R.
Esmael, Ahmed
Alotibi, Ibrahim A.
Azhari, Sheren A.
Alseghayer, Mazen S.
Teklemariam, Addisu D.
author_facet Alharbi, Mona G.
Al-Hindi, Rashad R.
Esmael, Ahmed
Alotibi, Ibrahim A.
Azhari, Sheren A.
Alseghayer, Mazen S.
Teklemariam, Addisu D.
author_sort Alharbi, Mona G.
collection PubMed
description Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are emerging serogroups that often result in diseases ranging from diarrhea to severe hemorrhagic colitis in humans. The most common non-O157 STEC are O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145. These serogroups are known by the name “big six” because they cause severe illness and death in humans and the United States Department of Agriculture declared these serogroups as food contaminants. The lack of fast and efficient diagnostic methods exacerbates the public impact of the disease caused by these serogroups. Numerous outbreaks have been reported globally and most of these outbreaks were caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water as well as direct contact with reservoirs. Livestock harbor a variety of non-O157 STEC serovars that can contaminate meat and dairy products, or water sources when used for irrigation. Hence, effective control and prevention approaches are required to safeguard the public from infections. This review addresses the disease characteristics, reservoirs, the source of infections, the transmission of the disease, and major outbreaks associated with the six serogroups (“big six”) of non-O157 STEC encountered all over the globe.
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spelling pubmed-96935462022-11-26 The “Big Six”: Hidden Emerging Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens Alharbi, Mona G. Al-Hindi, Rashad R. Esmael, Ahmed Alotibi, Ibrahim A. Azhari, Sheren A. Alseghayer, Mazen S. Teklemariam, Addisu D. Trop Med Infect Dis Review Non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are emerging serogroups that often result in diseases ranging from diarrhea to severe hemorrhagic colitis in humans. The most common non-O157 STEC are O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145. These serogroups are known by the name “big six” because they cause severe illness and death in humans and the United States Department of Agriculture declared these serogroups as food contaminants. The lack of fast and efficient diagnostic methods exacerbates the public impact of the disease caused by these serogroups. Numerous outbreaks have been reported globally and most of these outbreaks were caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water as well as direct contact with reservoirs. Livestock harbor a variety of non-O157 STEC serovars that can contaminate meat and dairy products, or water sources when used for irrigation. Hence, effective control and prevention approaches are required to safeguard the public from infections. This review addresses the disease characteristics, reservoirs, the source of infections, the transmission of the disease, and major outbreaks associated with the six serogroups (“big six”) of non-O157 STEC encountered all over the globe. MDPI 2022-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC9693546/ /pubmed/36355898 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7110356 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Alharbi, Mona G.
Al-Hindi, Rashad R.
Esmael, Ahmed
Alotibi, Ibrahim A.
Azhari, Sheren A.
Alseghayer, Mazen S.
Teklemariam, Addisu D.
The “Big Six”: Hidden Emerging Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens
title The “Big Six”: Hidden Emerging Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens
title_full The “Big Six”: Hidden Emerging Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens
title_fullStr The “Big Six”: Hidden Emerging Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens
title_full_unstemmed The “Big Six”: Hidden Emerging Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens
title_short The “Big Six”: Hidden Emerging Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens
title_sort “big six”: hidden emerging foodborne bacterial pathogens
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9693546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36355898
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7110356
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