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GNSS Based Low-Cost Magnetometer Calibration

With the development of MEMS sensors, the magnetometer has increasingly become a part of various wearable devices. The magnetometer measures the intensity of the magnetic field in all three axes, resulting in a 3D vector—direction and power. Calibration must be done before using a magnetometer, espe...

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Autores principales: Andel, Ján, Šimák, Vojtech, Kanálikova, Alžbeta, Pirník, Rastislav
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9694045/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218447
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author Andel, Ján
Šimák, Vojtech
Kanálikova, Alžbeta
Pirník, Rastislav
author_facet Andel, Ján
Šimák, Vojtech
Kanálikova, Alžbeta
Pirník, Rastislav
author_sort Andel, Ján
collection PubMed
description With the development of MEMS sensors, the magnetometer has increasingly become a part of various wearable devices. The magnetometer measures the intensity of the magnetic field in all three axes, resulting in a 3D vector—direction and power. Calibration must be done before using a magnetometer, especially in wearable electronics, due to the low quality of the sensor and high proximity to other electromagnetic emission sources. Several magnetometer calibration algorithms exist in the literature, with most of them requiring multi-sided rotation. However, such calibration is highly impractical when the sensor is mounted on larger objects, e.g., vehicles, which cannot easily be rotated. Vehicles contain a large amount of ferromagnetic soft and hard material that affects the measured magnetic field. A magnetometer can be useful for an INS system in a car as long as it does not drift over time. This article describes how to calibrate a magnetometer using the GNSS motion vector. The calibration is performed using data from the initial section of the vehicle’s trajectory. The quality of the calibration is then validated using the remaining section of the trajectory, comparing the deviation between the azimuth obtained by GNSS and by the calibrated magnetometer. Based on the azimuth and speed of the vehicle, we predicted the position of the vehicle and plotted the prediction on the map. The experiment showed that such calibration is functional. The uncalibrated data were unusable due to the strong effect of ferromagnetic soft and hard materials in the vehicle.
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spelling pubmed-96940452022-11-26 GNSS Based Low-Cost Magnetometer Calibration Andel, Ján Šimák, Vojtech Kanálikova, Alžbeta Pirník, Rastislav Sensors (Basel) Article With the development of MEMS sensors, the magnetometer has increasingly become a part of various wearable devices. The magnetometer measures the intensity of the magnetic field in all three axes, resulting in a 3D vector—direction and power. Calibration must be done before using a magnetometer, especially in wearable electronics, due to the low quality of the sensor and high proximity to other electromagnetic emission sources. Several magnetometer calibration algorithms exist in the literature, with most of them requiring multi-sided rotation. However, such calibration is highly impractical when the sensor is mounted on larger objects, e.g., vehicles, which cannot easily be rotated. Vehicles contain a large amount of ferromagnetic soft and hard material that affects the measured magnetic field. A magnetometer can be useful for an INS system in a car as long as it does not drift over time. This article describes how to calibrate a magnetometer using the GNSS motion vector. The calibration is performed using data from the initial section of the vehicle’s trajectory. The quality of the calibration is then validated using the remaining section of the trajectory, comparing the deviation between the azimuth obtained by GNSS and by the calibrated magnetometer. Based on the azimuth and speed of the vehicle, we predicted the position of the vehicle and plotted the prediction on the map. The experiment showed that such calibration is functional. The uncalibrated data were unusable due to the strong effect of ferromagnetic soft and hard materials in the vehicle. MDPI 2022-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9694045/ /pubmed/36366145 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218447 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Andel, Ján
Šimák, Vojtech
Kanálikova, Alžbeta
Pirník, Rastislav
GNSS Based Low-Cost Magnetometer Calibration
title GNSS Based Low-Cost Magnetometer Calibration
title_full GNSS Based Low-Cost Magnetometer Calibration
title_fullStr GNSS Based Low-Cost Magnetometer Calibration
title_full_unstemmed GNSS Based Low-Cost Magnetometer Calibration
title_short GNSS Based Low-Cost Magnetometer Calibration
title_sort gnss based low-cost magnetometer calibration
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9694045/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218447
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