Cargando…

Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica rapa by Activating Host Immunity through Exogenous Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like Protein (VDAL) Treatment

Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive diseases in Brassica rapa. Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like protein (VDAL) is a secretory protein of V. dahliae which has been shown to enhance the resistance against fungal infections in several plants. Nonetheles...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jiang, Shufang, Zheng, Weiwei, Li, Zewei, Tan, Jingru, Wu, Meifang, Li, Xinyuan, Hong, Seung-Beom, Deng, Jianyu, Zhu, Zhujun, Zang, Yunxiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9694685/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36430439
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213958
_version_ 1784837864649916416
author Jiang, Shufang
Zheng, Weiwei
Li, Zewei
Tan, Jingru
Wu, Meifang
Li, Xinyuan
Hong, Seung-Beom
Deng, Jianyu
Zhu, Zhujun
Zang, Yunxiang
author_facet Jiang, Shufang
Zheng, Weiwei
Li, Zewei
Tan, Jingru
Wu, Meifang
Li, Xinyuan
Hong, Seung-Beom
Deng, Jianyu
Zhu, Zhujun
Zang, Yunxiang
author_sort Jiang, Shufang
collection PubMed
description Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive diseases in Brassica rapa. Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like protein (VDAL) is a secretory protein of V. dahliae which has been shown to enhance the resistance against fungal infections in several plants. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms of VDAL-primed disease resistance are still poorly understood. In this study, we performed physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses of Brassica rapa in order to understand how VDAL confers resistance to S. sclerotiorumn infections in plants. The results showed that foliar application of VDAL significantly reduced the plaque area on leaves inoculated with S. sclerotiorum. It also enhanced antioxidant capacity by increasing activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO), and defense-related enzymes β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase during the infection periods. This occurred in parallel with significantly reduced relative conductivity at different periods and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content as compared to sole S. sclerotiorum inoculation. Transcriptomic analysis showed a total of 146 (81 up-regulated and 65 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in VDAL-treated leaves compared to the control. The most enriched three Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were the mitogen–activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, and plant-pathogen interaction, all of which were associated with plant immunity. DEGs associated with MAPK and hormone signal transduction pathways were ethylene response sensor ERS2, EIN3 (Ethylene Insensitive3)-binding F-box protein 2 (EBF2), ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF94, MAPK 9 (MKK9), protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C37), auxin-responsive proteins (AUX/IAA1 and 19), serine/threonine-protein kinase CTR1, and abscisic acid receptors (PLY 4 and 5). Among the DEGs linked with the plant–pathogen interaction pathway were calmodulin-like proteins (CML5, 24, 27), PTI1-like tyrosine protein kinase 3 (Pti13) and transcription factor MYB30, all of which are known to play key roles in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) for hypersensitive response (HR), cell wall reinforcement, and stomatal closure in plants. Overall, VDLA treatment triggered repression of the auxin and ABA signaling pathways and de-repression of the ethylene signaling pathways in young B. rapa seedlings to increase plant innate immunity. Our results showed that VDAL holds great potential to enhance fungal disease resistance in B. rapa crop.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9694685
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-96946852022-11-26 Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica rapa by Activating Host Immunity through Exogenous Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like Protein (VDAL) Treatment Jiang, Shufang Zheng, Weiwei Li, Zewei Tan, Jingru Wu, Meifang Li, Xinyuan Hong, Seung-Beom Deng, Jianyu Zhu, Zhujun Zang, Yunxiang Int J Mol Sci Article Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive diseases in Brassica rapa. Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like protein (VDAL) is a secretory protein of V. dahliae which has been shown to enhance the resistance against fungal infections in several plants. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms of VDAL-primed disease resistance are still poorly understood. In this study, we performed physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses of Brassica rapa in order to understand how VDAL confers resistance to S. sclerotiorumn infections in plants. The results showed that foliar application of VDAL significantly reduced the plaque area on leaves inoculated with S. sclerotiorum. It also enhanced antioxidant capacity by increasing activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO), and defense-related enzymes β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase during the infection periods. This occurred in parallel with significantly reduced relative conductivity at different periods and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content as compared to sole S. sclerotiorum inoculation. Transcriptomic analysis showed a total of 146 (81 up-regulated and 65 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in VDAL-treated leaves compared to the control. The most enriched three Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were the mitogen–activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, and plant-pathogen interaction, all of which were associated with plant immunity. DEGs associated with MAPK and hormone signal transduction pathways were ethylene response sensor ERS2, EIN3 (Ethylene Insensitive3)-binding F-box protein 2 (EBF2), ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF94, MAPK 9 (MKK9), protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C37), auxin-responsive proteins (AUX/IAA1 and 19), serine/threonine-protein kinase CTR1, and abscisic acid receptors (PLY 4 and 5). Among the DEGs linked with the plant–pathogen interaction pathway were calmodulin-like proteins (CML5, 24, 27), PTI1-like tyrosine protein kinase 3 (Pti13) and transcription factor MYB30, all of which are known to play key roles in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) for hypersensitive response (HR), cell wall reinforcement, and stomatal closure in plants. Overall, VDLA treatment triggered repression of the auxin and ABA signaling pathways and de-repression of the ethylene signaling pathways in young B. rapa seedlings to increase plant innate immunity. Our results showed that VDAL holds great potential to enhance fungal disease resistance in B. rapa crop. MDPI 2022-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC9694685/ /pubmed/36430439 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213958 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Jiang, Shufang
Zheng, Weiwei
Li, Zewei
Tan, Jingru
Wu, Meifang
Li, Xinyuan
Hong, Seung-Beom
Deng, Jianyu
Zhu, Zhujun
Zang, Yunxiang
Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica rapa by Activating Host Immunity through Exogenous Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like Protein (VDAL) Treatment
title Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica rapa by Activating Host Immunity through Exogenous Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like Protein (VDAL) Treatment
title_full Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica rapa by Activating Host Immunity through Exogenous Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like Protein (VDAL) Treatment
title_fullStr Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica rapa by Activating Host Immunity through Exogenous Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like Protein (VDAL) Treatment
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica rapa by Activating Host Immunity through Exogenous Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like Protein (VDAL) Treatment
title_short Enhanced Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica rapa by Activating Host Immunity through Exogenous Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like Protein (VDAL) Treatment
title_sort enhanced resistance to sclerotinia sclerotiorum in brassica rapa by activating host immunity through exogenous verticillium dahliae aspf2-like protein (vdal) treatment
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9694685/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36430439
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232213958
work_keys_str_mv AT jiangshufang enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment
AT zhengweiwei enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment
AT lizewei enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment
AT tanjingru enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment
AT wumeifang enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment
AT lixinyuan enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment
AT hongseungbeom enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment
AT dengjianyu enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment
AT zhuzhujun enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment
AT zangyunxiang enhancedresistancetosclerotiniasclerotioruminbrassicarapabyactivatinghostimmunitythroughexogenousverticilliumdahliaeaspf2likeproteinvdaltreatment