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Organic Small-Molecule Electrodes: Emerging Organic Composite Materials in Supercapacitors for Efficient Energy Storage
Organic small molecules with electrochemically active and reversible redox groups are excellent candidates for energy storage systems due to their abundant natural origin and design flexibility. However, their practical application is generally limited by inherent electrical insulating properties an...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9694881/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36431793 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227692 |
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author | He, Yuanyuan Wei, Qiaoqiao An, Ning Meng, Congcong Hu, Zhongai |
author_facet | He, Yuanyuan Wei, Qiaoqiao An, Ning Meng, Congcong Hu, Zhongai |
author_sort | He, Yuanyuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Organic small molecules with electrochemically active and reversible redox groups are excellent candidates for energy storage systems due to their abundant natural origin and design flexibility. However, their practical application is generally limited by inherent electrical insulating properties and high solubility. To achieve both high energy density and power density, organic small molecules are usually immobilized on the surface of a carbon substrate with a high specific surface area and excellent electrical conductivity through non-covalent interactions or chemical bonds. The resulting composite materials are called organic small-molecule electrodes (OMEs). The redox reaction of OMEs occurs near the surface with fast kinetic and higher utilization compared to storing charge through diffusion-limited Faraday reactions. In the past decade, our research group has developed a large number of novel OMEs with different connections or molecular skeletons. This paper introduces the latest development of OMEs for efficient energy storage. Furthermore, we focus on the design motivation, structural advantages, charge storage mechanism, and various electrode parameters of OMEs. With small organic molecules as the active center, OMEs can significantly improve the energy density at low molecular weight through proton-coupled electron transfer, which is not limited by lattice size. Finally, we outline possible trends in the rational design of OMEs toward high-performance supercapacitors. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9694881 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96948812022-11-26 Organic Small-Molecule Electrodes: Emerging Organic Composite Materials in Supercapacitors for Efficient Energy Storage He, Yuanyuan Wei, Qiaoqiao An, Ning Meng, Congcong Hu, Zhongai Molecules Review Organic small molecules with electrochemically active and reversible redox groups are excellent candidates for energy storage systems due to their abundant natural origin and design flexibility. However, their practical application is generally limited by inherent electrical insulating properties and high solubility. To achieve both high energy density and power density, organic small molecules are usually immobilized on the surface of a carbon substrate with a high specific surface area and excellent electrical conductivity through non-covalent interactions or chemical bonds. The resulting composite materials are called organic small-molecule electrodes (OMEs). The redox reaction of OMEs occurs near the surface with fast kinetic and higher utilization compared to storing charge through diffusion-limited Faraday reactions. In the past decade, our research group has developed a large number of novel OMEs with different connections or molecular skeletons. This paper introduces the latest development of OMEs for efficient energy storage. Furthermore, we focus on the design motivation, structural advantages, charge storage mechanism, and various electrode parameters of OMEs. With small organic molecules as the active center, OMEs can significantly improve the energy density at low molecular weight through proton-coupled electron transfer, which is not limited by lattice size. Finally, we outline possible trends in the rational design of OMEs toward high-performance supercapacitors. MDPI 2022-11-09 /pmc/articles/PMC9694881/ /pubmed/36431793 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227692 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review He, Yuanyuan Wei, Qiaoqiao An, Ning Meng, Congcong Hu, Zhongai Organic Small-Molecule Electrodes: Emerging Organic Composite Materials in Supercapacitors for Efficient Energy Storage |
title | Organic Small-Molecule Electrodes: Emerging Organic Composite Materials in Supercapacitors for Efficient Energy Storage |
title_full | Organic Small-Molecule Electrodes: Emerging Organic Composite Materials in Supercapacitors for Efficient Energy Storage |
title_fullStr | Organic Small-Molecule Electrodes: Emerging Organic Composite Materials in Supercapacitors for Efficient Energy Storage |
title_full_unstemmed | Organic Small-Molecule Electrodes: Emerging Organic Composite Materials in Supercapacitors for Efficient Energy Storage |
title_short | Organic Small-Molecule Electrodes: Emerging Organic Composite Materials in Supercapacitors for Efficient Energy Storage |
title_sort | organic small-molecule electrodes: emerging organic composite materials in supercapacitors for efficient energy storage |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9694881/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36431793 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227692 |
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