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Detection of Apple Hammerhead Viroid, Apple Luteovirus 1 and Citrus Concave Gum-Associated Virus in Apple Propagation Materials and Orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary
Grafting cultivars onto rootstocks is a widely used practice by the apple industry predominantly aimed at faster fruit bearing. Using high-throughput sequencing, we revealed the presence of recently described viral agents, namely apple hammerhead viroid (AHVd), apple luteovirus 1 (ALV-1), and citrus...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695845/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366445 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112347 |
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author | Várallyay, Eva Přibylová, Jaroslava Galbacs, Zsuzsanna Nagyne Jahan, Almash Varga, Tunde Špak, Josef Lenz, Ondřej Fránová, Jana Sedlák, Jiří Koloniuk, Igor |
author_facet | Várallyay, Eva Přibylová, Jaroslava Galbacs, Zsuzsanna Nagyne Jahan, Almash Varga, Tunde Špak, Josef Lenz, Ondřej Fránová, Jana Sedlák, Jiří Koloniuk, Igor |
author_sort | Várallyay, Eva |
collection | PubMed |
description | Grafting cultivars onto rootstocks is a widely used practice by the apple industry predominantly aimed at faster fruit bearing. Using high-throughput sequencing, we revealed the presence of recently described viral agents, namely apple hammerhead viroid (AHVd), apple luteovirus 1 (ALV-1), and citrus concave gum-associated virus (CCGaV), in germplasm collections and production orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary. The HTS results were validated with RT-(q)PCR, and Northern blotting techniques. To obtain further insight about the presence of these agents, RT-PCR based surveys were carried out and showed their widespread presence alone or in mixed infections. The pathogens were present both in production areas and in feral samples. In addition, rootstock-to-scion transmission of ALV-1 and CCGaV was confirmed using commercial rootstock materials. Phylogenetic relationships based on partial sequences of distinct variants were also investigated. Furthermore, the rosy apple aphid was found to be ALV-1-positive, suggesting that it might be a potential vector of the virus. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9695845 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96958452022-11-26 Detection of Apple Hammerhead Viroid, Apple Luteovirus 1 and Citrus Concave Gum-Associated Virus in Apple Propagation Materials and Orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary Várallyay, Eva Přibylová, Jaroslava Galbacs, Zsuzsanna Nagyne Jahan, Almash Varga, Tunde Špak, Josef Lenz, Ondřej Fránová, Jana Sedlák, Jiří Koloniuk, Igor Viruses Article Grafting cultivars onto rootstocks is a widely used practice by the apple industry predominantly aimed at faster fruit bearing. Using high-throughput sequencing, we revealed the presence of recently described viral agents, namely apple hammerhead viroid (AHVd), apple luteovirus 1 (ALV-1), and citrus concave gum-associated virus (CCGaV), in germplasm collections and production orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary. The HTS results were validated with RT-(q)PCR, and Northern blotting techniques. To obtain further insight about the presence of these agents, RT-PCR based surveys were carried out and showed their widespread presence alone or in mixed infections. The pathogens were present both in production areas and in feral samples. In addition, rootstock-to-scion transmission of ALV-1 and CCGaV was confirmed using commercial rootstock materials. Phylogenetic relationships based on partial sequences of distinct variants were also investigated. Furthermore, the rosy apple aphid was found to be ALV-1-positive, suggesting that it might be a potential vector of the virus. MDPI 2022-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC9695845/ /pubmed/36366445 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112347 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Várallyay, Eva Přibylová, Jaroslava Galbacs, Zsuzsanna Nagyne Jahan, Almash Varga, Tunde Špak, Josef Lenz, Ondřej Fránová, Jana Sedlák, Jiří Koloniuk, Igor Detection of Apple Hammerhead Viroid, Apple Luteovirus 1 and Citrus Concave Gum-Associated Virus in Apple Propagation Materials and Orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary |
title | Detection of Apple Hammerhead Viroid, Apple Luteovirus 1 and Citrus Concave Gum-Associated Virus in Apple Propagation Materials and Orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary |
title_full | Detection of Apple Hammerhead Viroid, Apple Luteovirus 1 and Citrus Concave Gum-Associated Virus in Apple Propagation Materials and Orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary |
title_fullStr | Detection of Apple Hammerhead Viroid, Apple Luteovirus 1 and Citrus Concave Gum-Associated Virus in Apple Propagation Materials and Orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary |
title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Apple Hammerhead Viroid, Apple Luteovirus 1 and Citrus Concave Gum-Associated Virus in Apple Propagation Materials and Orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary |
title_short | Detection of Apple Hammerhead Viroid, Apple Luteovirus 1 and Citrus Concave Gum-Associated Virus in Apple Propagation Materials and Orchards in the Czech Republic and Hungary |
title_sort | detection of apple hammerhead viroid, apple luteovirus 1 and citrus concave gum-associated virus in apple propagation materials and orchards in the czech republic and hungary |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9695845/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366445 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112347 |
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