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Occurrence and Molecular Variability of the Main Kiwifruit Viruses in the Sichuan Province of China
Viruses cause important yield losses in kiwifruit. Here, we studied the occurrence and population structure of the major kiwifruit viruses in the Sichuan province of China. RT-PCR results showed the presence of Actinidia virus A (AcVA), Actinidia virus B (AcVB), Actinidia chlorotic ringspot-associat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9696399/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112460 |
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author | Shang, Jing Jia, Qi Zhang, Lei Zhang, Siqi Du, Junbo Wang, Wenming Shui, Jing |
author_facet | Shang, Jing Jia, Qi Zhang, Lei Zhang, Siqi Du, Junbo Wang, Wenming Shui, Jing |
author_sort | Shang, Jing |
collection | PubMed |
description | Viruses cause important yield losses in kiwifruit. Here, we studied the occurrence and population structure of the major kiwifruit viruses in the Sichuan province of China. RT-PCR results showed the presence of Actinidia virus A (AcVA), Actinidia virus B (AcVB), Actinidia chlorotic ringspot-associated virus (AcCRaV), and the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). AcCRaV was widely distributed, followed by CMV. These two viruses were often detected in co-infection with AcVA and AcVB. The virus detection rate was positively correlated with vine age. Four phylogenetic groups of AcVA and AcVB were identified, with AcVA isolates clustering mainly in subgroup I, and AcVB isolates clustering mainly in subgroups II, III, and IV. All CMV isolates clustered in subgroup II, and AcCRaV isolates clustered in subgroup IA. The genome of AcVA and AcCRaV was under negative selection pressure, while the genome of AcVB and CMV was under positive selection pressure. All the viruses, except AcVB, were in a state of expansion. The full-length genome of the most widely distributed AcCRaV isolate in kiwifruits in the Sichuan province was characterized by sequencing. Unique eight-nucleotide (TTTTTGAT) repeats were found in the 5′-terminal non-coding region of the AcCRaV RNA3 in a possible association with reduced disease symptoms. This is the first study of kiwifruit viruses in Sichuan. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9696399 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96963992022-11-26 Occurrence and Molecular Variability of the Main Kiwifruit Viruses in the Sichuan Province of China Shang, Jing Jia, Qi Zhang, Lei Zhang, Siqi Du, Junbo Wang, Wenming Shui, Jing Viruses Article Viruses cause important yield losses in kiwifruit. Here, we studied the occurrence and population structure of the major kiwifruit viruses in the Sichuan province of China. RT-PCR results showed the presence of Actinidia virus A (AcVA), Actinidia virus B (AcVB), Actinidia chlorotic ringspot-associated virus (AcCRaV), and the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). AcCRaV was widely distributed, followed by CMV. These two viruses were often detected in co-infection with AcVA and AcVB. The virus detection rate was positively correlated with vine age. Four phylogenetic groups of AcVA and AcVB were identified, with AcVA isolates clustering mainly in subgroup I, and AcVB isolates clustering mainly in subgroups II, III, and IV. All CMV isolates clustered in subgroup II, and AcCRaV isolates clustered in subgroup IA. The genome of AcVA and AcCRaV was under negative selection pressure, while the genome of AcVB and CMV was under positive selection pressure. All the viruses, except AcVB, were in a state of expansion. The full-length genome of the most widely distributed AcCRaV isolate in kiwifruits in the Sichuan province was characterized by sequencing. Unique eight-nucleotide (TTTTTGAT) repeats were found in the 5′-terminal non-coding region of the AcCRaV RNA3 in a possible association with reduced disease symptoms. This is the first study of kiwifruit viruses in Sichuan. MDPI 2022-11-06 /pmc/articles/PMC9696399/ /pubmed/36366558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112460 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Shang, Jing Jia, Qi Zhang, Lei Zhang, Siqi Du, Junbo Wang, Wenming Shui, Jing Occurrence and Molecular Variability of the Main Kiwifruit Viruses in the Sichuan Province of China |
title | Occurrence and Molecular Variability of the Main Kiwifruit Viruses in the Sichuan Province of China |
title_full | Occurrence and Molecular Variability of the Main Kiwifruit Viruses in the Sichuan Province of China |
title_fullStr | Occurrence and Molecular Variability of the Main Kiwifruit Viruses in the Sichuan Province of China |
title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence and Molecular Variability of the Main Kiwifruit Viruses in the Sichuan Province of China |
title_short | Occurrence and Molecular Variability of the Main Kiwifruit Viruses in the Sichuan Province of China |
title_sort | occurrence and molecular variability of the main kiwifruit viruses in the sichuan province of china |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9696399/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112460 |
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