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COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The administration of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is the only reliable strategy to prevent COVID-19 and alleviate the s...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Xiaojing, Weng, Ruopeng, Liu, Fei, Xie, Yi, Jin, Yanyan, Li, Qiuyu, Huang, Guoping, Chen, Junyi, Wang, Jingjing, Shen, Huijun, Fu, Haidong, Mao, Jianhua
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9696595/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36423007
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111911
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author Zhang, Xiaojing
Weng, Ruopeng
Liu, Fei
Xie, Yi
Jin, Yanyan
Li, Qiuyu
Huang, Guoping
Chen, Junyi
Wang, Jingjing
Shen, Huijun
Fu, Haidong
Mao, Jianhua
author_facet Zhang, Xiaojing
Weng, Ruopeng
Liu, Fei
Xie, Yi
Jin, Yanyan
Li, Qiuyu
Huang, Guoping
Chen, Junyi
Wang, Jingjing
Shen, Huijun
Fu, Haidong
Mao, Jianhua
author_sort Zhang, Xiaojing
collection PubMed
description Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The administration of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is the only reliable strategy to prevent COVID-19 and alleviate the severity of COVID-19 in this particular population. The aim of this article was to evaluate the clinical protection by vaccines (breakthrough infections, deaths, and hospitalizations) in KTRs. There were 135 KTRs with COVID-19 breakthrough infections for whom patient-level data were available in PubMed and Web of Science. There was a male predominance (61.4%), 97 were given the standard vaccination regimen, and 38 received three or four doses of the vaccine. The median age was 59.0 (IQR: 49.0–69.0) years. A total of 67 patients were hospitalized, and 10 patients died. In 72.6% of cases, triple-maintenance immunosuppression was employed. The deceased patients were older than the survivors (p < 0.05); an age over 60 years was a risk factor for death (p < 0.05). The KTRs with booster vaccines had a longer time interval from the last vaccine to COVID-19 infection and lower hospitalization rates than the individuals who received the standard vaccination regimen (33.3% vs. 54.8%, p < 0.05). The hospitalized patients were older than the outpatients (p < 0.05). Among 16,820 fully vaccinated or boosted KTRs from 14 centers, there were 633 breakthrough infections (3.58%) and 73 associated deaths (0.41%). The center-level breakthrough infection rates varied from 0.21% to 9.29%. These findings highlight the need for booster doses for KTRs. However, more research is needed to define the long-term effectiveness and immunogenicity of booster doses and to identify methods to boost the protective response to vaccination in these immunocompromised patients.
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spelling pubmed-96965952022-11-26 COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients Zhang, Xiaojing Weng, Ruopeng Liu, Fei Xie, Yi Jin, Yanyan Li, Qiuyu Huang, Guoping Chen, Junyi Wang, Jingjing Shen, Huijun Fu, Haidong Mao, Jianhua Vaccines (Basel) Article Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The administration of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is the only reliable strategy to prevent COVID-19 and alleviate the severity of COVID-19 in this particular population. The aim of this article was to evaluate the clinical protection by vaccines (breakthrough infections, deaths, and hospitalizations) in KTRs. There were 135 KTRs with COVID-19 breakthrough infections for whom patient-level data were available in PubMed and Web of Science. There was a male predominance (61.4%), 97 were given the standard vaccination regimen, and 38 received three or four doses of the vaccine. The median age was 59.0 (IQR: 49.0–69.0) years. A total of 67 patients were hospitalized, and 10 patients died. In 72.6% of cases, triple-maintenance immunosuppression was employed. The deceased patients were older than the survivors (p < 0.05); an age over 60 years was a risk factor for death (p < 0.05). The KTRs with booster vaccines had a longer time interval from the last vaccine to COVID-19 infection and lower hospitalization rates than the individuals who received the standard vaccination regimen (33.3% vs. 54.8%, p < 0.05). The hospitalized patients were older than the outpatients (p < 0.05). Among 16,820 fully vaccinated or boosted KTRs from 14 centers, there were 633 breakthrough infections (3.58%) and 73 associated deaths (0.41%). The center-level breakthrough infection rates varied from 0.21% to 9.29%. These findings highlight the need for booster doses for KTRs. However, more research is needed to define the long-term effectiveness and immunogenicity of booster doses and to identify methods to boost the protective response to vaccination in these immunocompromised patients. MDPI 2022-11-11 /pmc/articles/PMC9696595/ /pubmed/36423007 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111911 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zhang, Xiaojing
Weng, Ruopeng
Liu, Fei
Xie, Yi
Jin, Yanyan
Li, Qiuyu
Huang, Guoping
Chen, Junyi
Wang, Jingjing
Shen, Huijun
Fu, Haidong
Mao, Jianhua
COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients
title COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_full COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_fullStr COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_short COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections in Vaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients
title_sort covid-19 breakthrough infections in vaccinated kidney transplant recipients
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9696595/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36423007
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111911
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