A Seroepidemiological Survey of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Infection in South Tyrol, Italy

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis, a bacterial infection that can affect livestock. This infection can cause low growth rates and milk yields and reproductive failure, along with the infection of humans, especially those in close contact with the animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the local CLA prevalence, highlighting the parameters for the potential predisposition to infection in goats, and to implement a monitoring program based on the newly acquired scientific evidence. Of a total of 2365 goat farms in South Tyrol, 384 farms were selected for the present study. A statistically significant number of animals were subjected to serologic analysis for the detection of C. pseutotubercolosis antibodies. A total of 2948 goats belonging to the selected farms were tested for CLA, 713 of which showed a positive result. The data analysis led to an estimated CLA seroprevalence of 21.85%. The results achieved can enable the evaluation and possible implementation of a voluntary program that permits us to test a larger number of animals using serological techniques. This program would be of great importance, especially for those farms dedicated to the production of milk and dairy products, as some manufacturing practices may increase the risk of transmission of zoonotic pathogens such as C. pseudotuberculosis to humans.