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The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities
This is our second article devoted to the cardiac myoarchitecture considered as a nematic chiral liquid crystal (NCLC). While the first article focused on the myoarchitecture of the left ventricle (LV), this new article extends to the whole ventricular mass and introduces the concept of disclination...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9696617/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36354770 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9110371 |
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author | Auriau, Johanne Usson, Yves Jouk, Pierre-Simon |
author_facet | Auriau, Johanne Usson, Yves Jouk, Pierre-Simon |
author_sort | Auriau, Johanne |
collection | PubMed |
description | This is our second article devoted to the cardiac myoarchitecture considered as a nematic chiral liquid crystal (NCLC). While the first article focused on the myoarchitecture of the left ventricle (LV), this new article extends to the whole ventricular mass and introduces the concept of disclinations and topological singularities, which characterize the differences and relationships between the left and right ventricles (RV). At the level of the ventricular apices, we constantly observed a vortex shape at the LV apex, corresponding, in the terminology of liquid crystals, to a “+1 disclination”; we never observed this at the RV apex. At the level of the interventricular septum (IVS), we identified “−1/2 disclinations” at the anterior and posterior parts. During the perinatal period, there was a significant difference in their distribution, with more “−1/2 disclinations” in the posterior part of the IVS. After birth, concomitant to major physiological changes, the number of “−1/2 disclinations” significantly decreased, both in the anterior and posterior parts of the IVS. Finally, the description of the disclinations must be considered in any attempt to segment the whole ventricular mass, in biomechanical studies, and, more generally, for the characterization of myocardial remodeling. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9696617 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96966172022-11-26 The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities Auriau, Johanne Usson, Yves Jouk, Pierre-Simon J Cardiovasc Dev Dis Article This is our second article devoted to the cardiac myoarchitecture considered as a nematic chiral liquid crystal (NCLC). While the first article focused on the myoarchitecture of the left ventricle (LV), this new article extends to the whole ventricular mass and introduces the concept of disclinations and topological singularities, which characterize the differences and relationships between the left and right ventricles (RV). At the level of the ventricular apices, we constantly observed a vortex shape at the LV apex, corresponding, in the terminology of liquid crystals, to a “+1 disclination”; we never observed this at the RV apex. At the level of the interventricular septum (IVS), we identified “−1/2 disclinations” at the anterior and posterior parts. During the perinatal period, there was a significant difference in their distribution, with more “−1/2 disclinations” in the posterior part of the IVS. After birth, concomitant to major physiological changes, the number of “−1/2 disclinations” significantly decreased, both in the anterior and posterior parts of the IVS. Finally, the description of the disclinations must be considered in any attempt to segment the whole ventricular mass, in biomechanical studies, and, more generally, for the characterization of myocardial remodeling. MDPI 2022-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC9696617/ /pubmed/36354770 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9110371 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Auriau, Johanne Usson, Yves Jouk, Pierre-Simon The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
title | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
title_full | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
title_fullStr | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
title_full_unstemmed | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
title_short | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
title_sort | nematic chiral liquid crystal structure of the cardiac myoarchitecture: disclinations and topological singularities |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9696617/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36354770 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9110371 |
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