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Characterization of the (Poly)Phenolic Fraction of Fig Peel: Comparison among Twelve Cultivars Harvested in Tuscany

(1) Background: The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean area and it produces fruits largely consumed in the Mediterranean diet. Previous studies have shown that this fruit represents a rich source of (poly)phenols, which are mainly located in the peel rather than the...

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Autores principales: Calani, Luca, Bresciani, Letizia, Rodolfi, Margherita, Del Rio, Daniele, Petruccelli, Raffaella, Faraloni, Cecilia, Ganino, Tommaso
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9697167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36432801
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223073
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author Calani, Luca
Bresciani, Letizia
Rodolfi, Margherita
Del Rio, Daniele
Petruccelli, Raffaella
Faraloni, Cecilia
Ganino, Tommaso
author_facet Calani, Luca
Bresciani, Letizia
Rodolfi, Margherita
Del Rio, Daniele
Petruccelli, Raffaella
Faraloni, Cecilia
Ganino, Tommaso
author_sort Calani, Luca
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean area and it produces fruits largely consumed in the Mediterranean diet. Previous studies have shown that this fruit represents a rich source of (poly)phenols, which are mainly located in the peel rather than the pulp. In our study, fig peel derived from twelve different cultivars located in Tuscany was assessed for its (poly)phenol profile. (2) Methods: The (poly)phenol characterization was performed through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to multiple-stage mass spectrometry. (3) Results: Twenty-eight (poly)phenolic compounds were quantified in the investigated fig peel. It was possible to observe an interesting variability in the (poly)phenol content among the twelve cultivars of fig peel. Rutin and 5-caffeoylquinic acid were the main compounds in the greenish fig peel, while cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside was the main component in the dark-violet fig peel. (4) Conclusions: fig peel could be used as a (poly)phenol-rich ingredient in several food products to increase the bioactive compound content of foods. Moreover, dark-violet peel could be considered potentially suitable as a natural food colorant.
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spelling pubmed-96971672022-11-26 Characterization of the (Poly)Phenolic Fraction of Fig Peel: Comparison among Twelve Cultivars Harvested in Tuscany Calani, Luca Bresciani, Letizia Rodolfi, Margherita Del Rio, Daniele Petruccelli, Raffaella Faraloni, Cecilia Ganino, Tommaso Plants (Basel) Article (1) Background: The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean area and it produces fruits largely consumed in the Mediterranean diet. Previous studies have shown that this fruit represents a rich source of (poly)phenols, which are mainly located in the peel rather than the pulp. In our study, fig peel derived from twelve different cultivars located in Tuscany was assessed for its (poly)phenol profile. (2) Methods: The (poly)phenol characterization was performed through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to multiple-stage mass spectrometry. (3) Results: Twenty-eight (poly)phenolic compounds were quantified in the investigated fig peel. It was possible to observe an interesting variability in the (poly)phenol content among the twelve cultivars of fig peel. Rutin and 5-caffeoylquinic acid were the main compounds in the greenish fig peel, while cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside was the main component in the dark-violet fig peel. (4) Conclusions: fig peel could be used as a (poly)phenol-rich ingredient in several food products to increase the bioactive compound content of foods. Moreover, dark-violet peel could be considered potentially suitable as a natural food colorant. MDPI 2022-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC9697167/ /pubmed/36432801 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223073 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Calani, Luca
Bresciani, Letizia
Rodolfi, Margherita
Del Rio, Daniele
Petruccelli, Raffaella
Faraloni, Cecilia
Ganino, Tommaso
Characterization of the (Poly)Phenolic Fraction of Fig Peel: Comparison among Twelve Cultivars Harvested in Tuscany
title Characterization of the (Poly)Phenolic Fraction of Fig Peel: Comparison among Twelve Cultivars Harvested in Tuscany
title_full Characterization of the (Poly)Phenolic Fraction of Fig Peel: Comparison among Twelve Cultivars Harvested in Tuscany
title_fullStr Characterization of the (Poly)Phenolic Fraction of Fig Peel: Comparison among Twelve Cultivars Harvested in Tuscany
title_full_unstemmed Characterization of the (Poly)Phenolic Fraction of Fig Peel: Comparison among Twelve Cultivars Harvested in Tuscany
title_short Characterization of the (Poly)Phenolic Fraction of Fig Peel: Comparison among Twelve Cultivars Harvested in Tuscany
title_sort characterization of the (poly)phenolic fraction of fig peel: comparison among twelve cultivars harvested in tuscany
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9697167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36432801
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223073
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