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Contribution of Second Trimester Sonographic Placental Morphology to Uterine Artery Doppler in the Prediction of Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications

Background: Second-trimester uterine artery Doppler is a well-established tool for the prediction of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. At delivery, placentas from affected pregnancies may have gross pathologic findings. Some of these features are detectable by ultrasound, but the relative i...

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Autores principales: Ashwal, Eran, Ali-Gami, Jasmine, Aviram, Amir, Ronzoni, Stefania, Mei-Dan, Elad, Kingdom, John, Melamed, Nir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9697802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36431236
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226759
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author Ashwal, Eran
Ali-Gami, Jasmine
Aviram, Amir
Ronzoni, Stefania
Mei-Dan, Elad
Kingdom, John
Melamed, Nir
author_facet Ashwal, Eran
Ali-Gami, Jasmine
Aviram, Amir
Ronzoni, Stefania
Mei-Dan, Elad
Kingdom, John
Melamed, Nir
author_sort Ashwal, Eran
collection PubMed
description Background: Second-trimester uterine artery Doppler is a well-established tool for the prediction of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. At delivery, placentas from affected pregnancies may have gross pathologic findings. Some of these features are detectable by ultrasound, but the relative importance of placental morphologic assessment and uterine artery Doppler in mid-pregnancy is presently unclear. Objective: To characterize the association of second-trimester sonographic placental morphology markers with placenta-mediated complications and determine whether these markers are predictive of placental dysfunction independent of uterine artery Doppler. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with a singleton pregnancy at high risk of placental complications who underwent a sonographic placental study at mid-gestation (160/7−246/7 weeks’ gestation) in a single tertiary referral center between 2016–2019. The sonographic placental study included assessment of placental dimensions (length, width, and thickness), placental texture appearance, umbilical cord anatomy, and uterine artery Doppler (mean pulsatility index and early diastolic notching). Placental area and volume were calculated based on placental length, width, and thickness. Continuous placental markers were converted to multiples on medians (MoM). The primary outcome was a composite of early-onset preeclampsia and birthweight < 3rd centile. Results: A total of 429 eligible patients were identified during the study period, of whom 45 (10.5%) experienced the primary outcome. The rate of the primary outcome increased progressively with decreasing placental length, width, and area, and increased progressively with increasing mean uterine artery pulsatility index (PI). By contrast, placental thickness followed a U-shaped relationship with the primary outcome. Placental length, width, and area, mean uterine artery PI and bilateral uterine artery notching were all associated with the primary outcome. However, in the adjusted analysis, the association persisted only for placenta area (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.21, 95%-confidence interval [CI] 0.06–0.73) and mean uterine artery PI (aOR 11.71, 95%-CI 3.84–35.72). The area under the ROC curve was highest for mean uterine artery PI (0.80, 95%-CI 0.71–0.89) and was significantly higher than that of placental area (0.67, 95%-CI 0.57–0.76, p = 0.44). A model that included both mean uterine artery PI and placental area did not significantly increase the area under the curve (0.82, 95%-CI 0.74–0.90, p = 0.255), and was associated with a relatively minor increase in specificity for the primary outcome compared with mean uterine artery PI alone (63% [95%-CI 58–68%] vs. 52% [95%-CI 47–57%]). Conclusion: Placental area is independently associated with the risk of placenta-mediated complications yet, when combined with uterine artery Doppler, did not further improve the prediction of such complications compared with uterine artery Doppler alone.
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spelling pubmed-96978022022-11-26 Contribution of Second Trimester Sonographic Placental Morphology to Uterine Artery Doppler in the Prediction of Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications Ashwal, Eran Ali-Gami, Jasmine Aviram, Amir Ronzoni, Stefania Mei-Dan, Elad Kingdom, John Melamed, Nir J Clin Med Article Background: Second-trimester uterine artery Doppler is a well-established tool for the prediction of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. At delivery, placentas from affected pregnancies may have gross pathologic findings. Some of these features are detectable by ultrasound, but the relative importance of placental morphologic assessment and uterine artery Doppler in mid-pregnancy is presently unclear. Objective: To characterize the association of second-trimester sonographic placental morphology markers with placenta-mediated complications and determine whether these markers are predictive of placental dysfunction independent of uterine artery Doppler. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with a singleton pregnancy at high risk of placental complications who underwent a sonographic placental study at mid-gestation (160/7−246/7 weeks’ gestation) in a single tertiary referral center between 2016–2019. The sonographic placental study included assessment of placental dimensions (length, width, and thickness), placental texture appearance, umbilical cord anatomy, and uterine artery Doppler (mean pulsatility index and early diastolic notching). Placental area and volume were calculated based on placental length, width, and thickness. Continuous placental markers were converted to multiples on medians (MoM). The primary outcome was a composite of early-onset preeclampsia and birthweight < 3rd centile. Results: A total of 429 eligible patients were identified during the study period, of whom 45 (10.5%) experienced the primary outcome. The rate of the primary outcome increased progressively with decreasing placental length, width, and area, and increased progressively with increasing mean uterine artery pulsatility index (PI). By contrast, placental thickness followed a U-shaped relationship with the primary outcome. Placental length, width, and area, mean uterine artery PI and bilateral uterine artery notching were all associated with the primary outcome. However, in the adjusted analysis, the association persisted only for placenta area (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.21, 95%-confidence interval [CI] 0.06–0.73) and mean uterine artery PI (aOR 11.71, 95%-CI 3.84–35.72). The area under the ROC curve was highest for mean uterine artery PI (0.80, 95%-CI 0.71–0.89) and was significantly higher than that of placental area (0.67, 95%-CI 0.57–0.76, p = 0.44). A model that included both mean uterine artery PI and placental area did not significantly increase the area under the curve (0.82, 95%-CI 0.74–0.90, p = 0.255), and was associated with a relatively minor increase in specificity for the primary outcome compared with mean uterine artery PI alone (63% [95%-CI 58–68%] vs. 52% [95%-CI 47–57%]). Conclusion: Placental area is independently associated with the risk of placenta-mediated complications yet, when combined with uterine artery Doppler, did not further improve the prediction of such complications compared with uterine artery Doppler alone. MDPI 2022-11-15 /pmc/articles/PMC9697802/ /pubmed/36431236 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226759 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Ashwal, Eran
Ali-Gami, Jasmine
Aviram, Amir
Ronzoni, Stefania
Mei-Dan, Elad
Kingdom, John
Melamed, Nir
Contribution of Second Trimester Sonographic Placental Morphology to Uterine Artery Doppler in the Prediction of Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications
title Contribution of Second Trimester Sonographic Placental Morphology to Uterine Artery Doppler in the Prediction of Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications
title_full Contribution of Second Trimester Sonographic Placental Morphology to Uterine Artery Doppler in the Prediction of Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications
title_fullStr Contribution of Second Trimester Sonographic Placental Morphology to Uterine Artery Doppler in the Prediction of Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications
title_full_unstemmed Contribution of Second Trimester Sonographic Placental Morphology to Uterine Artery Doppler in the Prediction of Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications
title_short Contribution of Second Trimester Sonographic Placental Morphology to Uterine Artery Doppler in the Prediction of Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications
title_sort contribution of second trimester sonographic placental morphology to uterine artery doppler in the prediction of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9697802/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36431236
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226759
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