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Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Infectious Keratitis (PACK-CXL)—A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Therapeutic Indications and Contraindications

Infectious keratitis is a severe infection of the eye, which requires urgent care in order to prevent permanent complications. Typical cases are usually diagnosed clinically, whereas severe cases also require additional tools, such as direct microscopy, corneal cultures, molecular techniques, or oph...

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Autores principales: Barac, Ileana Ramona, Artamonov, Andrada-Raluca, Baltă, George, Dinu, Valentin, Mehedințu, Claudia, Bobircă, Anca, Baltă, Florian, Barac, Diana Andreea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9698237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36422083
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12111907
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author Barac, Ileana Ramona
Artamonov, Andrada-Raluca
Baltă, George
Dinu, Valentin
Mehedințu, Claudia
Bobircă, Anca
Baltă, Florian
Barac, Diana Andreea
author_facet Barac, Ileana Ramona
Artamonov, Andrada-Raluca
Baltă, George
Dinu, Valentin
Mehedințu, Claudia
Bobircă, Anca
Baltă, Florian
Barac, Diana Andreea
author_sort Barac, Ileana Ramona
collection PubMed
description Infectious keratitis is a severe infection of the eye, which requires urgent care in order to prevent permanent complications. Typical cases are usually diagnosed clinically, whereas severe cases also require additional tools, such as direct microscopy, corneal cultures, molecular techniques, or ophthalmic imaging. The initial treatment is empirical, based on the suspected etiology, and is later adjusted as needed. It ranges from topical administration of active substances to oral drugs, or to complex surgeries in advanced situations. A novel alternative is represented by Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (PACK-CXL), which is widely known as a minimally invasive therapy for corneal degenerations. The purpose of this review is to identify the main diagnostic and prognostic factors which further outline the indications and contraindications of PACK-CXL in infectious keratitis. Given the predominantly positive outcomes in the medical literature, we ponder whether this is a promising treatment modality, which should be further evaluated in a systematic, evidence-based manner in order to develop a clear treatment protocol for successful future results, especially in carefully selected cases.
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spelling pubmed-96982372022-11-26 Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Infectious Keratitis (PACK-CXL)—A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Therapeutic Indications and Contraindications Barac, Ileana Ramona Artamonov, Andrada-Raluca Baltă, George Dinu, Valentin Mehedințu, Claudia Bobircă, Anca Baltă, Florian Barac, Diana Andreea J Pers Med Review Infectious keratitis is a severe infection of the eye, which requires urgent care in order to prevent permanent complications. Typical cases are usually diagnosed clinically, whereas severe cases also require additional tools, such as direct microscopy, corneal cultures, molecular techniques, or ophthalmic imaging. The initial treatment is empirical, based on the suspected etiology, and is later adjusted as needed. It ranges from topical administration of active substances to oral drugs, or to complex surgeries in advanced situations. A novel alternative is represented by Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (PACK-CXL), which is widely known as a minimally invasive therapy for corneal degenerations. The purpose of this review is to identify the main diagnostic and prognostic factors which further outline the indications and contraindications of PACK-CXL in infectious keratitis. Given the predominantly positive outcomes in the medical literature, we ponder whether this is a promising treatment modality, which should be further evaluated in a systematic, evidence-based manner in order to develop a clear treatment protocol for successful future results, especially in carefully selected cases. MDPI 2022-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC9698237/ /pubmed/36422083 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12111907 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Barac, Ileana Ramona
Artamonov, Andrada-Raluca
Baltă, George
Dinu, Valentin
Mehedințu, Claudia
Bobircă, Anca
Baltă, Florian
Barac, Diana Andreea
Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Infectious Keratitis (PACK-CXL)—A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Therapeutic Indications and Contraindications
title Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Infectious Keratitis (PACK-CXL)—A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Therapeutic Indications and Contraindications
title_full Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Infectious Keratitis (PACK-CXL)—A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Therapeutic Indications and Contraindications
title_fullStr Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Infectious Keratitis (PACK-CXL)—A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Therapeutic Indications and Contraindications
title_full_unstemmed Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Infectious Keratitis (PACK-CXL)—A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Therapeutic Indications and Contraindications
title_short Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Infectious Keratitis (PACK-CXL)—A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Factors Involved in Therapeutic Indications and Contraindications
title_sort photoactivated chromophore corneal collagen cross-linking for infectious keratitis (pack-cxl)—a comprehensive review of diagnostic and prognostic factors involved in therapeutic indications and contraindications
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9698237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36422083
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12111907
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