Cargando…

Variability and Nativeness in the Mediterranean Taxa: Divergence and Phylogeography of Genista etnensis (Fabaceae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Data

Genista etnensis is a remarkable and well-known tree endemic to Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica (Mediterranean Basin). Nevertheless, its morphological variability and its native status throughout its range need to be further investigated. In this study, we aim to clarify some aspects of this infraspec...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: De Castro, Olga, Bacchetta, Gianluigi, Brullo, Salvatore, Del Guacchio, Emanuele, Di Iorio, Emanuela, Piazza, Carole, Caputo, Paolo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9698455/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36432900
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223171
_version_ 1784838822158139392
author De Castro, Olga
Bacchetta, Gianluigi
Brullo, Salvatore
Del Guacchio, Emanuele
Di Iorio, Emanuela
Piazza, Carole
Caputo, Paolo
author_facet De Castro, Olga
Bacchetta, Gianluigi
Brullo, Salvatore
Del Guacchio, Emanuele
Di Iorio, Emanuela
Piazza, Carole
Caputo, Paolo
author_sort De Castro, Olga
collection PubMed
description Genista etnensis is a remarkable and well-known tree endemic to Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica (Mediterranean Basin). Nevertheless, its morphological variability and its native status throughout its range need to be further investigated. In this study, we aim to clarify some aspects of this infraspecific variability by molecular means. Sequences of one nuclear and five plastid markers were analyzed under maximum parsimony by using TCS software. Plastid data were also time-calibrated under a Bayesian Inference framework. Plastid data revealed strong isolation between the populations from the Cyrno-Sardinian biogeographical province, which are also the most diverse and presumably the most archaic, and those from Sicily and Southern Italy (in this latter area, the species is naturalized). The calibration analysis indicates that the last common ancestor between G. etnensis and its sister group G. fasselata dates back to the middle Pliocene or slightly later, when sclerophyllous Mediterranean vegetation spread, whereas G. etnensis itself might have originated in the middle Pleistocene. The current, rather unusual distribution of G. etnensis could be explained by long-range seed dispersal from the western part of the range or by anthropogenic introduction into Sicily, with extinctions of transported haplotypes in the region of origin. Interestingly, the Vesuvius population, introduced from Sicily in recent times and locally naturalized, shows private genotypes, and was richer in both genotypes and haplotypes than the Sicilian ones.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-9698455
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-96984552022-11-26 Variability and Nativeness in the Mediterranean Taxa: Divergence and Phylogeography of Genista etnensis (Fabaceae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Data De Castro, Olga Bacchetta, Gianluigi Brullo, Salvatore Del Guacchio, Emanuele Di Iorio, Emanuela Piazza, Carole Caputo, Paolo Plants (Basel) Article Genista etnensis is a remarkable and well-known tree endemic to Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica (Mediterranean Basin). Nevertheless, its morphological variability and its native status throughout its range need to be further investigated. In this study, we aim to clarify some aspects of this infraspecific variability by molecular means. Sequences of one nuclear and five plastid markers were analyzed under maximum parsimony by using TCS software. Plastid data were also time-calibrated under a Bayesian Inference framework. Plastid data revealed strong isolation between the populations from the Cyrno-Sardinian biogeographical province, which are also the most diverse and presumably the most archaic, and those from Sicily and Southern Italy (in this latter area, the species is naturalized). The calibration analysis indicates that the last common ancestor between G. etnensis and its sister group G. fasselata dates back to the middle Pliocene or slightly later, when sclerophyllous Mediterranean vegetation spread, whereas G. etnensis itself might have originated in the middle Pleistocene. The current, rather unusual distribution of G. etnensis could be explained by long-range seed dispersal from the western part of the range or by anthropogenic introduction into Sicily, with extinctions of transported haplotypes in the region of origin. Interestingly, the Vesuvius population, introduced from Sicily in recent times and locally naturalized, shows private genotypes, and was richer in both genotypes and haplotypes than the Sicilian ones. MDPI 2022-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC9698455/ /pubmed/36432900 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223171 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
De Castro, Olga
Bacchetta, Gianluigi
Brullo, Salvatore
Del Guacchio, Emanuele
Di Iorio, Emanuela
Piazza, Carole
Caputo, Paolo
Variability and Nativeness in the Mediterranean Taxa: Divergence and Phylogeography of Genista etnensis (Fabaceae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Data
title Variability and Nativeness in the Mediterranean Taxa: Divergence and Phylogeography of Genista etnensis (Fabaceae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Data
title_full Variability and Nativeness in the Mediterranean Taxa: Divergence and Phylogeography of Genista etnensis (Fabaceae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Data
title_fullStr Variability and Nativeness in the Mediterranean Taxa: Divergence and Phylogeography of Genista etnensis (Fabaceae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Data
title_full_unstemmed Variability and Nativeness in the Mediterranean Taxa: Divergence and Phylogeography of Genista etnensis (Fabaceae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Data
title_short Variability and Nativeness in the Mediterranean Taxa: Divergence and Phylogeography of Genista etnensis (Fabaceae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Data
title_sort variability and nativeness in the mediterranean taxa: divergence and phylogeography of genista etnensis (fabaceae) inferred from nuclear and plastid data
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9698455/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36432900
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223171
work_keys_str_mv AT decastroolga variabilityandnativenessinthemediterraneantaxadivergenceandphylogeographyofgenistaetnensisfabaceaeinferredfromnuclearandplastiddata
AT bacchettagianluigi variabilityandnativenessinthemediterraneantaxadivergenceandphylogeographyofgenistaetnensisfabaceaeinferredfromnuclearandplastiddata
AT brullosalvatore variabilityandnativenessinthemediterraneantaxadivergenceandphylogeographyofgenistaetnensisfabaceaeinferredfromnuclearandplastiddata
AT delguacchioemanuele variabilityandnativenessinthemediterraneantaxadivergenceandphylogeographyofgenistaetnensisfabaceaeinferredfromnuclearandplastiddata
AT diiorioemanuela variabilityandnativenessinthemediterraneantaxadivergenceandphylogeographyofgenistaetnensisfabaceaeinferredfromnuclearandplastiddata
AT piazzacarole variabilityandnativenessinthemediterraneantaxadivergenceandphylogeographyofgenistaetnensisfabaceaeinferredfromnuclearandplastiddata
AT caputopaolo variabilityandnativenessinthemediterraneantaxadivergenceandphylogeographyofgenistaetnensisfabaceaeinferredfromnuclearandplastiddata