Adipokines, Metabolic Hormones and Their Associations with Abdominal Obesity against a Background of Hyper-LDL-C in Young People

Background: The present study was devoted to the search for possible associations between various adipokines/cytokines associated with the secretory activity of visceral adipocytes, elevated blood levels of LDL-C and abdominal obesity in people under 45 years. Methods: A population sample of Novosibirsk residents (n = 1415) was divided into deciles based on the levels of LDL-C. The study included 158 people, 87 men and 71 women, who had serum LDL-C levels of ≥4.2 mmol/L. Abdominal obesity was found in 50% of people (54% men, 45% women). By multiplex analysis using the human metabolic hormone V3 panel and the human adipokine magnetic bead panel, levels of adipokines and inflammatory markers were determined on a Luminex MAGPIX flow fluorimeter. Results: According to multivariate regression analysis (binary logistic regression), the most significant biomolecules, regardless of other factors, associated with the presence of AO against the background of hyper-LDL-C in young people were leptin (direct association) and lipocalin-2 (reverse association), leptin in young men (direct association), and leptin and TNF-alpha in women (direct association). Conclusions: Thus, in young people under 45 years with the presence of two important, potentially atherogenic risk factors—hyper-LDL-C and abdominal obesity—a complex of adipokines and metabolic hormones were associated with the presence of these diseases.