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Elevated Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations in Adults after an Outpatient-Treated COVID-19 Infection
Elevated D-dimer plasma concentrations are common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and are often associated with a worse prognosis, but it is not yet clear whether this also applies to outpatient cases. The present cross-sectional study evaluated D-dimer levels and their association with clinical p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699049/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366539 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112441 |
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author | Meisinger, Christa Kirchberger, Inge Warm, Tobias D. Hyhlik-Dürr, Alexander Goßlau, Yvonne Linseisen, Jakob |
author_facet | Meisinger, Christa Kirchberger, Inge Warm, Tobias D. Hyhlik-Dürr, Alexander Goßlau, Yvonne Linseisen, Jakob |
author_sort | Meisinger, Christa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Elevated D-dimer plasma concentrations are common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and are often associated with a worse prognosis, but it is not yet clear whether this also applies to outpatient cases. The present cross-sectional study evaluated D-dimer levels and their association with clinical parameters and inflammation biomarkers after a COVID-19 disease in individuals treated as outpatients. The study included 411 individuals (43.3% men) with an average age of 46.8 years (SD 15.2). Study participants who had acute COVID-19 disease at a median of 235 days (120; 323) ago were examined at the University Hospital Augsburg, Southern Germany, between 11/2020 and 05/2021. Plasma D-dimers were measured by a particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. Sixty-one subjects (15%) showed increased D-dimer concentrations (≥500 µg/L). Study participants with elevated D-dimer levels in comparison to subjects with levels in the reference range were significantly older, and more frequently reported a history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, venous thromboembolism, and chronic venous insufficiency. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, CRP levels (OR 5.58 per mg/dL, 95% CI 1.77–17.60) and white blood cell count (OR 1.48 per nL, 95% CI 1.19–1.83) were significantly related to elevated D-dimers even after adjustment for multiple testing. However, acute or persistent symptoms were not significantly associated with increased D-dimers. Elevated D-dimer levels months after an acute COVID-19 disease seems to be associated with markers of inflammation. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and consequences of prolonged D-dimer elevation in these patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9699049 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96990492022-11-26 Elevated Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations in Adults after an Outpatient-Treated COVID-19 Infection Meisinger, Christa Kirchberger, Inge Warm, Tobias D. Hyhlik-Dürr, Alexander Goßlau, Yvonne Linseisen, Jakob Viruses Article Elevated D-dimer plasma concentrations are common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and are often associated with a worse prognosis, but it is not yet clear whether this also applies to outpatient cases. The present cross-sectional study evaluated D-dimer levels and their association with clinical parameters and inflammation biomarkers after a COVID-19 disease in individuals treated as outpatients. The study included 411 individuals (43.3% men) with an average age of 46.8 years (SD 15.2). Study participants who had acute COVID-19 disease at a median of 235 days (120; 323) ago were examined at the University Hospital Augsburg, Southern Germany, between 11/2020 and 05/2021. Plasma D-dimers were measured by a particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. Sixty-one subjects (15%) showed increased D-dimer concentrations (≥500 µg/L). Study participants with elevated D-dimer levels in comparison to subjects with levels in the reference range were significantly older, and more frequently reported a history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, venous thromboembolism, and chronic venous insufficiency. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, CRP levels (OR 5.58 per mg/dL, 95% CI 1.77–17.60) and white blood cell count (OR 1.48 per nL, 95% CI 1.19–1.83) were significantly related to elevated D-dimers even after adjustment for multiple testing. However, acute or persistent symptoms were not significantly associated with increased D-dimers. Elevated D-dimer levels months after an acute COVID-19 disease seems to be associated with markers of inflammation. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and consequences of prolonged D-dimer elevation in these patients. MDPI 2022-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC9699049/ /pubmed/36366539 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112441 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Meisinger, Christa Kirchberger, Inge Warm, Tobias D. Hyhlik-Dürr, Alexander Goßlau, Yvonne Linseisen, Jakob Elevated Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations in Adults after an Outpatient-Treated COVID-19 Infection |
title | Elevated Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations in Adults after an Outpatient-Treated COVID-19 Infection |
title_full | Elevated Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations in Adults after an Outpatient-Treated COVID-19 Infection |
title_fullStr | Elevated Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations in Adults after an Outpatient-Treated COVID-19 Infection |
title_full_unstemmed | Elevated Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations in Adults after an Outpatient-Treated COVID-19 Infection |
title_short | Elevated Plasma D-Dimer Concentrations in Adults after an Outpatient-Treated COVID-19 Infection |
title_sort | elevated plasma d-dimer concentrations in adults after an outpatient-treated covid-19 infection |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699049/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366539 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112441 |
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