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Retrospective Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Profile in COVID-19 Positive Patients in Vitoria da Conquista, Northeast Brazil
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for causing Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), a heterogeneous clinical condition that manifests varying symptom severity according to the demographic profile of the studied population. While many studies have focused on t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699198/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366521 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112424 |
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author | Dantas, Anna Carolina S. Oliveira, Hellen B. M. Gomes, Camila P. Alves, Daniele L. Infante, Priscilla D. B. Caitité, Rosimara de J. A. Fritsch, Hegger M. Cucco, Marina S. Silva, Lucas S. C. Oliveira, Caline N. T. Bittencourt, Rafaela de S. Amorim, Aline T. Nascimento, Ana Luisa P. Marinho, Francely A. G. C. de Medeiros, Danielle S. de Oliveira, Márcio G. G. Mistro, Sostenes de Melo, Fabricio F. Pereira, Taiana T. S. Guimarães, Ana M. S. Timenetsky, Jorge Moreira, Pablo Maciel B. de Oliveira, Sandra Helena P. Alcantara, Luiz C. J. Giovanetti, Marta Santos, Luciane A. Fonseca, Vagner Barreto, Fernanda K. Campos, Guilherme B. Marques, Lucas M. |
author_facet | Dantas, Anna Carolina S. Oliveira, Hellen B. M. Gomes, Camila P. Alves, Daniele L. Infante, Priscilla D. B. Caitité, Rosimara de J. A. Fritsch, Hegger M. Cucco, Marina S. Silva, Lucas S. C. Oliveira, Caline N. T. Bittencourt, Rafaela de S. Amorim, Aline T. Nascimento, Ana Luisa P. Marinho, Francely A. G. C. de Medeiros, Danielle S. de Oliveira, Márcio G. G. Mistro, Sostenes de Melo, Fabricio F. Pereira, Taiana T. S. Guimarães, Ana M. S. Timenetsky, Jorge Moreira, Pablo Maciel B. de Oliveira, Sandra Helena P. Alcantara, Luiz C. J. Giovanetti, Marta Santos, Luciane A. Fonseca, Vagner Barreto, Fernanda K. Campos, Guilherme B. Marques, Lucas M. |
author_sort | Dantas, Anna Carolina S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for causing Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), a heterogeneous clinical condition that manifests varying symptom severity according to the demographic profile of the studied population. While many studies have focused on the spread of COVID-19 in large urban centers in Brazil, few have evaluated medium or small cities in the Northeast region. The aims of this study were: (i) to identify risk factors for mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection, (ii) to evaluate the gene expression patterns of key immune response pathways using nasopharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients, and (iii) to identify the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in the residents of a medium-sized city in Northeast Brazil. A total of 783 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 between May 2020 and August 2021 were included in this study. Clinical-epidemiological data from patients who died and those who survived were compared. Patients were also retrospectively divided into three groups based on disease severity: asymptomatic, mild, and moderate/severe. Samples were added to a qPCR array for analyses of 84 genes involved with immune response pathways and sequenced using the Oxford Nanopore MinION technology. Having pre-existing comorbidity; being male; having cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values under 22 were identified as risk factors for mortality. Analysis of the expression profiles of inflammatory pathway genes showed that the greater the infection severity, the greater the activation of inflammatory pathways, triggering the cytokine storm and downregulating anti-inflammatory pathways. Viral genome analysis revealed the circulation of multiple lineages, such as B.1, B.1.1.28, Alpha, and Gamma, suggesting that multiple introduction events had occurred over time. This study’s findings help identify the specific strains and increase our understanding of the true state of local health. In addition, our data demonstrate that epidemiological and genomic surveillance together can help formulate public health strategies to guide governmental actions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9699198 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96991982022-11-26 Retrospective Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Profile in COVID-19 Positive Patients in Vitoria da Conquista, Northeast Brazil Dantas, Anna Carolina S. Oliveira, Hellen B. M. Gomes, Camila P. Alves, Daniele L. Infante, Priscilla D. B. Caitité, Rosimara de J. A. Fritsch, Hegger M. Cucco, Marina S. Silva, Lucas S. C. Oliveira, Caline N. T. Bittencourt, Rafaela de S. Amorim, Aline T. Nascimento, Ana Luisa P. Marinho, Francely A. G. C. de Medeiros, Danielle S. de Oliveira, Márcio G. G. Mistro, Sostenes de Melo, Fabricio F. Pereira, Taiana T. S. Guimarães, Ana M. S. Timenetsky, Jorge Moreira, Pablo Maciel B. de Oliveira, Sandra Helena P. Alcantara, Luiz C. J. Giovanetti, Marta Santos, Luciane A. Fonseca, Vagner Barreto, Fernanda K. Campos, Guilherme B. Marques, Lucas M. Viruses Article Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for causing Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), a heterogeneous clinical condition that manifests varying symptom severity according to the demographic profile of the studied population. While many studies have focused on the spread of COVID-19 in large urban centers in Brazil, few have evaluated medium or small cities in the Northeast region. The aims of this study were: (i) to identify risk factors for mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection, (ii) to evaluate the gene expression patterns of key immune response pathways using nasopharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients, and (iii) to identify the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in the residents of a medium-sized city in Northeast Brazil. A total of 783 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 between May 2020 and August 2021 were included in this study. Clinical-epidemiological data from patients who died and those who survived were compared. Patients were also retrospectively divided into three groups based on disease severity: asymptomatic, mild, and moderate/severe. Samples were added to a qPCR array for analyses of 84 genes involved with immune response pathways and sequenced using the Oxford Nanopore MinION technology. Having pre-existing comorbidity; being male; having cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values under 22 were identified as risk factors for mortality. Analysis of the expression profiles of inflammatory pathway genes showed that the greater the infection severity, the greater the activation of inflammatory pathways, triggering the cytokine storm and downregulating anti-inflammatory pathways. Viral genome analysis revealed the circulation of multiple lineages, such as B.1, B.1.1.28, Alpha, and Gamma, suggesting that multiple introduction events had occurred over time. This study’s findings help identify the specific strains and increase our understanding of the true state of local health. In addition, our data demonstrate that epidemiological and genomic surveillance together can help formulate public health strategies to guide governmental actions. MDPI 2022-10-31 /pmc/articles/PMC9699198/ /pubmed/36366521 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112424 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Dantas, Anna Carolina S. Oliveira, Hellen B. M. Gomes, Camila P. Alves, Daniele L. Infante, Priscilla D. B. Caitité, Rosimara de J. A. Fritsch, Hegger M. Cucco, Marina S. Silva, Lucas S. C. Oliveira, Caline N. T. Bittencourt, Rafaela de S. Amorim, Aline T. Nascimento, Ana Luisa P. Marinho, Francely A. G. C. de Medeiros, Danielle S. de Oliveira, Márcio G. G. Mistro, Sostenes de Melo, Fabricio F. Pereira, Taiana T. S. Guimarães, Ana M. S. Timenetsky, Jorge Moreira, Pablo Maciel B. de Oliveira, Sandra Helena P. Alcantara, Luiz C. J. Giovanetti, Marta Santos, Luciane A. Fonseca, Vagner Barreto, Fernanda K. Campos, Guilherme B. Marques, Lucas M. Retrospective Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Profile in COVID-19 Positive Patients in Vitoria da Conquista, Northeast Brazil |
title | Retrospective Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Profile in COVID-19 Positive Patients in Vitoria da Conquista, Northeast Brazil |
title_full | Retrospective Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Profile in COVID-19 Positive Patients in Vitoria da Conquista, Northeast Brazil |
title_fullStr | Retrospective Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Profile in COVID-19 Positive Patients in Vitoria da Conquista, Northeast Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed | Retrospective Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Profile in COVID-19 Positive Patients in Vitoria da Conquista, Northeast Brazil |
title_short | Retrospective Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 Infection Profile in COVID-19 Positive Patients in Vitoria da Conquista, Northeast Brazil |
title_sort | retrospective analysis of the sars-cov-2 infection profile in covid-19 positive patients in vitoria da conquista, northeast brazil |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699198/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366521 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112424 |
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