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Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Prevalence in Sheep, Wild Boar and Ticks in Belgium
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most important tick-borne zoonotic virus in Europe. In Belgium, antibodies to TBEV have already been detected in wildlife and domestic animals, but up-to-date prevalence data for TBEV are lacking, and no studies have assessed its seroprevalence in sheep. S...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699201/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366458 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112362 |
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author | Adjadj, Nadjah Radia Vervaeke, Muriel Sohier, Charlotte Cargnel, Mickaël De Regge, Nick |
author_facet | Adjadj, Nadjah Radia Vervaeke, Muriel Sohier, Charlotte Cargnel, Mickaël De Regge, Nick |
author_sort | Adjadj, Nadjah Radia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most important tick-borne zoonotic virus in Europe. In Belgium, antibodies to TBEV have already been detected in wildlife and domestic animals, but up-to-date prevalence data for TBEV are lacking, and no studies have assessed its seroprevalence in sheep. Serum samples of 480 sheep from all over Belgium and 831 wild boar hunted in Flanders (northern Belgium) were therefore screened for TBEV antibodies by ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), respectively. The specificity of positive samples was assessed by PRNTs for TBEV and the Louping Ill, West Nile, and Usutu viruses. TBEV seroprevalence was 0.42% (2/480, CI 95%: 0.11–1.51) in sheep and 9.27% (77/831, CI 95%: 7.48–11.43) in wild boar. TBEV seroprevalence in wild boar from the province of Flemish Brabant was significantly higher (22.38%, 15/67) compared to Limburg (7.74%, 34/439) and Antwerp (8.61%, 28/325). Oud-Heverlee was the hunting area harboring the highest TBEV seroprevalence (33.33%, 11/33). In an attempt to obtain a Belgian TBEV isolate, 1983 ticks collected in areas showing the highest TBEV seroprevalence in wild boars were tested by real-time qPCR. No TBEV-RNA-positive tick was detected. The results of this study suggest an increase in TBEV prevalence over the last decade and highlight the need for One-Health surveillance in Belgium. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-9699201 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-96992012022-11-26 Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Prevalence in Sheep, Wild Boar and Ticks in Belgium Adjadj, Nadjah Radia Vervaeke, Muriel Sohier, Charlotte Cargnel, Mickaël De Regge, Nick Viruses Article Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most important tick-borne zoonotic virus in Europe. In Belgium, antibodies to TBEV have already been detected in wildlife and domestic animals, but up-to-date prevalence data for TBEV are lacking, and no studies have assessed its seroprevalence in sheep. Serum samples of 480 sheep from all over Belgium and 831 wild boar hunted in Flanders (northern Belgium) were therefore screened for TBEV antibodies by ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), respectively. The specificity of positive samples was assessed by PRNTs for TBEV and the Louping Ill, West Nile, and Usutu viruses. TBEV seroprevalence was 0.42% (2/480, CI 95%: 0.11–1.51) in sheep and 9.27% (77/831, CI 95%: 7.48–11.43) in wild boar. TBEV seroprevalence in wild boar from the province of Flemish Brabant was significantly higher (22.38%, 15/67) compared to Limburg (7.74%, 34/439) and Antwerp (8.61%, 28/325). Oud-Heverlee was the hunting area harboring the highest TBEV seroprevalence (33.33%, 11/33). In an attempt to obtain a Belgian TBEV isolate, 1983 ticks collected in areas showing the highest TBEV seroprevalence in wild boars were tested by real-time qPCR. No TBEV-RNA-positive tick was detected. The results of this study suggest an increase in TBEV prevalence over the last decade and highlight the need for One-Health surveillance in Belgium. MDPI 2022-10-26 /pmc/articles/PMC9699201/ /pubmed/36366458 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112362 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Adjadj, Nadjah Radia Vervaeke, Muriel Sohier, Charlotte Cargnel, Mickaël De Regge, Nick Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Prevalence in Sheep, Wild Boar and Ticks in Belgium |
title | Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Prevalence in Sheep, Wild Boar and Ticks in Belgium |
title_full | Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Prevalence in Sheep, Wild Boar and Ticks in Belgium |
title_fullStr | Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Prevalence in Sheep, Wild Boar and Ticks in Belgium |
title_full_unstemmed | Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Prevalence in Sheep, Wild Boar and Ticks in Belgium |
title_short | Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Prevalence in Sheep, Wild Boar and Ticks in Belgium |
title_sort | tick-borne encephalitis virus prevalence in sheep, wild boar and ticks in belgium |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699201/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36366458 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14112362 |
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