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Vitamin D and COVID-19: Narrative Review after 3 Years of Pandemic

Active vitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)—calcitriol] is a secosteroid hormone whose receptor is expressed on all cells of the immune system. Vitamin D has a global anti-inflammatory effect and its role in the management of a SARS-CoV-2 infection has been investigated since the beginning of the COVID-19 pan...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Gotelli, Emanuele, Soldano, Stefano, Hysa, Elvis, Paolino, Sabrina, Campitiello, Rosanna, Pizzorni, Carmen, Sulli, Alberto, Smith, Vanessa, Cutolo, Maurizio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9699333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36432593
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14224907
Descripción
Sumario:Active vitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)—calcitriol] is a secosteroid hormone whose receptor is expressed on all cells of the immune system. Vitamin D has a global anti-inflammatory effect and its role in the management of a SARS-CoV-2 infection has been investigated since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this narrative review, the laboratory and clinical results of a vitamin D supplementation have been collected from both open-label and blinded randomized clinical trials. The results are generally in favor of the utility of maintaining the serum concentrations of calcifediol [25(OH)D(3)] at around 40 ng/mL and of the absolute usefulness of its supplementation in subjects with deficient serum levels. However, two very recent large-scale studies (one open-label, one placebo-controlled) have called into question the contribution of vitamin D to clinical practice in the era of COVID-19 vaccinations. The precise role of a vitamin D supplementation in the anti-COVID-19 armamentarium requires further investigations in light of the breakthrough which has been achieved with mass vaccinations.