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Apoptotic-like PCD inducing HRC gene when silenced enhances multiple disease resistance in plants

Programmed cell death (PCD) plays an important role in plant environmental stress and has the potential to be manipulated to enhance disease resistance. Plants have innate immunity and, following pathogen perception, the host induces a Hypersensitive Response PCD (HR-PCD), leading to pattern (PTI) o...

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Autores principales: Kushalappa, A. C., Hegde, N. G., Gunnaiah, R., Sathe, A., Yogendra, K. N., Ajjamada, L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9701806/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36437285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24831-0
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author Kushalappa, A. C.
Hegde, N. G.
Gunnaiah, R.
Sathe, A.
Yogendra, K. N.
Ajjamada, L.
author_facet Kushalappa, A. C.
Hegde, N. G.
Gunnaiah, R.
Sathe, A.
Yogendra, K. N.
Ajjamada, L.
author_sort Kushalappa, A. C.
collection PubMed
description Programmed cell death (PCD) plays an important role in plant environmental stress and has the potential to be manipulated to enhance disease resistance. Plants have innate immunity and, following pathogen perception, the host induces a Hypersensitive Response PCD (HR-PCD), leading to pattern (PTI) or effector triggered immunity (ETI). Here we report a non-HR type or Apoptotic-Like PCD (AL-PCD) in pathogen infected wheat and potato based on apoptotic-like DNA fragmentation. A deletion mutation in the gene encoding histidine rich calcium binding protein (TaHRC) in FHB-resistant wheat (R-NIL) failed to induce AL-PCD. Similarly, the CRISPR-Cas9 based silencing of StHRC gene in Russet Burbank potato failed to induce apoptotic-like DNA fragmentation, proved based on DNA laddering and TUNEL assays. The absence of AL-PCD in wheat R-NIL reduced pathogen biomass and mycotoxins, increasing the accumulation of resistance metabolites and FHB-resistance, and in potato it enhanced resistance to multiple pathogens. In addition, the reduced expressions of metacaspase (StMC7) and Ca(2+) dependent endonuclease 2 (StCaN2) genes in potato with Sthrc indicated an involvement of a hierarchy of genes in the induction of AL-PCD. The HRC in commercial varieties of different crops, if functional, can be silenced by genome editing possibly to enhance resistance to multiple pathogens.
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spelling pubmed-97018062022-11-29 Apoptotic-like PCD inducing HRC gene when silenced enhances multiple disease resistance in plants Kushalappa, A. C. Hegde, N. G. Gunnaiah, R. Sathe, A. Yogendra, K. N. Ajjamada, L. Sci Rep Article Programmed cell death (PCD) plays an important role in plant environmental stress and has the potential to be manipulated to enhance disease resistance. Plants have innate immunity and, following pathogen perception, the host induces a Hypersensitive Response PCD (HR-PCD), leading to pattern (PTI) or effector triggered immunity (ETI). Here we report a non-HR type or Apoptotic-Like PCD (AL-PCD) in pathogen infected wheat and potato based on apoptotic-like DNA fragmentation. A deletion mutation in the gene encoding histidine rich calcium binding protein (TaHRC) in FHB-resistant wheat (R-NIL) failed to induce AL-PCD. Similarly, the CRISPR-Cas9 based silencing of StHRC gene in Russet Burbank potato failed to induce apoptotic-like DNA fragmentation, proved based on DNA laddering and TUNEL assays. The absence of AL-PCD in wheat R-NIL reduced pathogen biomass and mycotoxins, increasing the accumulation of resistance metabolites and FHB-resistance, and in potato it enhanced resistance to multiple pathogens. In addition, the reduced expressions of metacaspase (StMC7) and Ca(2+) dependent endonuclease 2 (StCaN2) genes in potato with Sthrc indicated an involvement of a hierarchy of genes in the induction of AL-PCD. The HRC in commercial varieties of different crops, if functional, can be silenced by genome editing possibly to enhance resistance to multiple pathogens. Nature Publishing Group UK 2022-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC9701806/ /pubmed/36437285 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24831-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Kushalappa, A. C.
Hegde, N. G.
Gunnaiah, R.
Sathe, A.
Yogendra, K. N.
Ajjamada, L.
Apoptotic-like PCD inducing HRC gene when silenced enhances multiple disease resistance in plants
title Apoptotic-like PCD inducing HRC gene when silenced enhances multiple disease resistance in plants
title_full Apoptotic-like PCD inducing HRC gene when silenced enhances multiple disease resistance in plants
title_fullStr Apoptotic-like PCD inducing HRC gene when silenced enhances multiple disease resistance in plants
title_full_unstemmed Apoptotic-like PCD inducing HRC gene when silenced enhances multiple disease resistance in plants
title_short Apoptotic-like PCD inducing HRC gene when silenced enhances multiple disease resistance in plants
title_sort apoptotic-like pcd inducing hrc gene when silenced enhances multiple disease resistance in plants
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9701806/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36437285
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24831-0
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