Double-layer symmetric gratings with bound states in the continuum for dual-band high-Q optical sensing

Herein, we theoretically demonstrate that a double-layer symmetric gratings (DLSG) resonator consisting of a low-refractive-index layer sandwiched between two high-contrast gratings (HCG) layers, can host dual-band high-quality (Q) factor resonance. We find that the artificial bound states in the continuum (BIC) and Fabry–Pérot BIC (FP-BIC) can be induced by optimizing structural parameters of DLSG. Interestingly, the artificial BIC is governed by the spacing between the two rectangular dielectric gratings, while the FP-BIC is achieved by controlling the cavity length of the structure. Further, the two types of BIC can be converted into quasi-BIC (QBIC) by either changing the spacing between adjacent gratings or changing the distance between the upper and lower gratings. The simulation results show that the dual-band high-performance sensor is achieved with the highest sensitivity of 453 nm/RIU and a maximum figure of merit (FOM) of 9808. Such dual-band high-Q resonator is expected to have promising applications in multi-wavelength sensing and nonlinear optics.